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EMS-1 (The ITEC Electronic Modular Switch is an electronic direct control switching system. The modules are combined to form a complete switch or any of the modules can be added to your present Step-by-Step Systems.) EMS-2 (The EMS-2 RURAL SWITCH is a stored program control analog switch designed to be cost-effective in small exchanges.
PBX switchboard, 1975. A telephone switchboard is a device used to connect circuits of telephones to establish telephone calls between users or other switchboards. The switchboard is an essential component of a manual telephone exchange, and is operated by switchboard operators who use electrical cords or switches to establish the connections.
In the early 1970s, most PBXs were either electromechanical (e.g. cross-bar) or based on a hybrid technology (e.g. switching matrix made from a two-dimensional array of contacts but control performed by an electronic logic). For this reason, the SL-1 enjoyed a great success on the enterprise market both in North-America and globally. [2] [3] [4]
A typical rotary-dial key telephone: the Western Electric eighteen-button Call Director, manufactured from 1958 to the early 1980s. Before the development of large-scale integrated circuits, key systems typically consisted of electromechanical components, such as relays, as were larger telephone switching systems.
In telephony, it refers to a telephone exchange in which all the operations required to set up, supervise, and release connections required for telephone calls are automatically performed in response to signals from a calling device. This distinction lost importance as manual switching declined during the 20th century.
The IBM 1750, 2750 and 3750 Switching Systems were telephone exchange systems produced by IBM from the 1960s to the 1990s. IBM engineers in the IBM La Gaude Research Laboratory, north-west of Nice in France, developed an electronic Private Automatic Branch Exchange: the first stored-program-controlled PABX to be marketed and installed in the ...
With the advances of digital electronics starting in the 1960s telephone switches employed semiconductor device components in increasing measure. In the late 20th century most telephone exchanges without TDM processing were eliminated and the term electronic switching system became largely a historical distinction for the older SPC systems.
The No. 1 Electronic Switching System Arranged with Data Features (No. 1 ESS ADF) was an adaptation of the Number One Electronic Switching System to create a store and forward message switching system. It used both single and multi-station lines for transmitting teletypewriter and data messages. It was created to respond to a growing need for ...