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The protocols in use today in this layer for the Internet all originated in the development of TCP/IP. In the OSI model the transport layer is often referred to as Layer 4, or L4, [2] while numbered layers are not used in TCP/IP. The best-known transport protocol of the Internet protocol suite is the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP).
This article lists protocols, categorized by the nearest layer in the Open Systems Interconnection model.This list is not exclusive to only the OSI protocol family.Many of these protocols are originally based on the Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) and other models and they often do not fit neatly into OSI layers.
Integrated Net Layer Security Protocol: TUBA 0x35 53 SwIPe SwIPe: RFC 5237: 0x36 54 NARP NBMA Address Resolution Protocol: RFC 1735: 0x37 55 MOBILE IP Mobility (Min Encap) RFC 2004: 0x38 56 TLSP Transport Layer Security Protocol (using Kryptonet key management) 0x39 57 SKIP Simple Key-Management for Internet Protocol: RFC 2356: 0x3A 58 IPv6 ...
The differences are in the mapping of these semantics to underlying transports. Both HTTP/1.1 and HTTP/2 use TCP as their transport. HTTP/3 uses QUIC, a transport layer network protocol which uses user space congestion control over the User Datagram Protocol (UDP).
While Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) might seem to be a network-layer protocol, if the encapsulation of the payload takes place only at the endpoint, GRE becomes closer to a transport protocol that uses IP headers but contains complete Layer 2 frames or Layer 3 packets to deliver to the endpoint. L2TP carries PPP frames inside transport ...
Any transport or other upper-layer protocol that includes the addresses from the IP header in its checksum computation must be modified for use over IPv6, to include the 128-bit IPv6 addresses instead of 32-bit IPv4 addresses. A pseudo-header that mimics the IPv6 header for computation of the checksum is shown below.
HTTP is an application layer protocol designed within the framework of the Internet protocol suite. Its definition presumes an underlying and reliable transport layer protocol. [20] In HTTP/3, the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is no longer used, but
Layer 4: transport layer [ edit ] The connection-mode and connectionless-mode transport services are specified by ITU-T Rec. X.214 [ISO/IEC 8072] ; the protocol that provides the connection-mode service is specified by ITU-T Rec. X.224 [ISO/IEC 8073] , and the protocol that provides the connectionless-mode service is specified by ITU-T Rec. X ...