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Chondrocytes (/ ˈ k ɒ n d r ə s aɪ t,-d r oʊ-/, [1] from Greek χόνδρος (chondros) 'cartilage' and κύτος (kytos) 'cell') are the only cells found in healthy cartilage. They produce and maintain the cartilaginous matrix, which consists mainly of collagen and proteoglycans .
Chondroblasts, or perichondrial cells, is the name given to mesenchymal progenitor cells in situ which, from endochondral ossification, will form chondrocytes in the growing cartilage matrix. Another name for them is subchondral cortico-spongious progenitors. [ 1 ]
Chondrocytes present within the existing cartilage. Chondroblasts that develop from the perichondrium. Mechanism: Chondrocytes proliferate and lay down matrix. Chondroblasts differentiate into chondrocytes and lay down matrix. Site of expansion: From within. From the external surface of existing cartilage. Outcome: Increase in length.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), also known as mesenchymal stromal cells or medicinal signaling cells, are multipotent stromal cells that can differentiate into a variety of cell types, including osteoblasts (bone cells), chondrocytes (cartilage cells), myocytes (muscle cells) and adipocytes (fat cells which give rise to marrow adipose tissue).
A spotted gar larva at 22 days stained for cartilage (blue) and bone (red). Chondrogenesis is the biological process through which cartilage tissue is formed and developed. . This intricate and tightly regulated cellular differentiation pathway plays a crucial role in skeletal development, as cartilage serves as a fundamental component of the embryonic skele
Harvesting of nasal cartilage is minimally invasive, can be performed in an outpatient procedure under local anesthesia and is associated with minimal morbidity. [6] NC can be isolated from nasal septal cartilage biopsies by enzymatic digestion using collagenase type I, II or IV (at different combination and concentration – varying from 0.15% to 0.6% –) alone or after an initial short pre ...
Chondrocytes do not have intercellular connections and are not coordinated in units. Cartilage is composed of a network of collagen type II held in tension by water-absorbing proteins, hydrophilic proteoglycans. [26] This is the adult skeleton in cartilaginous fishes such as sharks.
The fibroblasts within the granulation tissue develop into chondroblasts which also form hyaline cartilage. These two new tissues grow in size until they unite with each other. These processes culminate in a new mass of heterogeneous tissue known as a fracture callus. [citation needed] Callus formation peaks at day 14 of fracture. [4]