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Lactase persistence is very high among northern Europeans, especially Irish people. Worldwide, most people are lactase non-persistent, [1] and are affected by varying degrees of lactose intolerance as adults. However, lactase persistence and lactose intolerance can overlap.
This form of lactose intolerance can occur in both infants and lactase persistent adults and is generally reversible. [29] It may be caused by acute gastroenteritis , coeliac disease , Crohn's disease , ulcerative colitis , [ 30 ] chemotherapy , intestinal parasites (such as giardia ), or other environmental causes.
The majority of humans actually follow this protocol as well, and down-regulate lactase production around 3-5 years of age. Interestingly, though, the majority of caucasians, mainly those from northern european background, continue to have elevated lactase activity all the way into adulthood, and so they exhibit “lactase persistence”.
Many adult humans lack the lactase enzyme, which has the same function as β-galactosidase, so they are not able to properly digest dairy products. β-Galactose is used in such dairy products as yogurt, sour cream, and some cheeses which are treated with the enzyme to break down any lactose before human consumption. In recent years, β ...
Cancer Causes & Control is a peer-reviewed medical journal published by Springer Science+Business Media, covering research on the epidemiology, causes, and control of cancer. According to the Journal Citation Reports , the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 2.506.
More research is necessary to ascertain possible risks. [citation needed] Some ongoing studies suggest galactose may have a role in treatment of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (a kidney disease resulting in kidney failure and proteinuria). [27] This effect is likely to be a result of binding of galactose to FSGS factor. [28]
This causes a conformational change in the large loop which then creates sites for oligosaccharide and metal ion binding, and protein-protein interactions for alpha-lactalbumin. [4] It is important to maintain a sequential order for these binding events to occur, meaning the conformational change needs to occur after the binding of the substrate.
One of AICR's major initiatives is the Continuous Update Project (CUP), which is a comprehensive review of all the available scientific literature on the links between diet, physical activity, weight, and cancer risk. Its research focus areas include the links between diet and cancer risk, the effects of physical activity on cancer prevention ...