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Phosphorus trichloride is commonly used to convert primary and secondary alcohols to the corresponding chlorides. [14] As discussed above, the reaction of alcohols with phosphorus trichloride is sensitive to conditions. The mechanism for the ROH →RCl conversion involves the reaction of HCl with phosphite esters: P(OR) 3 + HCl ⇌ HP(OR) + 3 ...
2 Structure and properties. 3 Thermodynamic properties. 4 Spectral data. 5 References. ... This page provides supplementary chemical data on phosphorus trichloride.
Phosphoryl chloride (commonly called phosphorus oxychloride) is a colourless liquid with the formula P O Cl 3. It hydrolyses in moist air releasing phosphoric acid and fumes of hydrogen chloride . It is manufactured industrially on a large scale from phosphorus trichloride and oxygen or phosphorus pentoxide . [ 4 ]
Thiophosphoryl chloride has tetrahedral molecular geometry and C 3v molecular symmetry, with the structure S=PCl 3.According to gas electron diffraction, the phosphorus–sulfur bond length is 189 pm and the phosphorus–chlorine bond length is 201 pm, while the Cl−P−Cl bond angle is 102°.
Phosphorus trichloride is a major industrial chemical and widely used starting material for phosphorus chemistry. Phosphorus tribromide is used in organic chemistry to convert alcohols to alkyl bromides and carboxylic acids to acyl bromides ( e.g. in the Hell-Volhard-Zelinsky reaction ).
Near room temperature, the compound degrades to give phosphorus trichloride and an ill-defined phosphorus monochloride: P 2 Cl 4 → PCl 3 + 1/n [PCl] n. The compound adds to cyclohexene to give trans-C 6 H 10-1,2-(PCl 2) 2. [1]
Phosphites, sometimes called phosphite esters, have the general structure P(OR) 3 with oxidation state +3. Such species arise from the alcoholysis of phosphorus trichloride: PCl 3 + 3 ROH → P(OR) 3 + 3 HCl. The reaction is general, thus a vast number of such species are known.
Hexacoordinate phosphorus molecules involving nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur ligands provide examples of Lewis acid-Lewis base hexacoordination. [28] For the two similar complexes shown below, the length of the C–P bond increases with decreasing length of the N–P bond; the strength of the C–P bond decreases with increasing strength of the N ...