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In a society, the behavior of an individual or a group determines how a deviant creates norms. [9] Three broad sociological classes exist that describe deviant behavior, namely, structural functionalism, symbolic interaction and conflict theory. Structural-functionalist understanding of deviance
In this view, a particular behavior can be deviant in one society, but normal in another. This is in contrast to the perspective of essentialism , which would say that a behavior either "really is" deviant or "really isn't", and that it is the task of the sociologist to discover and report on the truth of the matter, and what society at large ...
Primary deviance is the initial stage in defining deviant behavior. Prominent sociologist Edwin Lemert [1] conceptualized primary deviance as engaging in the initial act of deviance. This is very common throughout society, as everyone takes part in basic form violations. [2]
Social control is the regulations, sanctions, mechanisms, and systems that restrict the behaviour of individuals in accordance with social norms and orders. Through both informal and formal means, individuals and groups exercise social control both internally and externally.
If one reduces the deviant behavior after receiving a negative consequence, then they have learned via punishment. If they have engaged in a behavior consistent with a social norm after having an aversive stimulus reduced, then they have learned via negative reinforcement. Reinforcement increases behavior, while punishment decreases behavior.
Normalization of deviance, according to American sociologist Diane Vaughan, is the process in which deviance from correct or proper behavior or rule becomes culturally normalized.
Deviant behavior may refer to Abnormality (behavior), behaviors that are regarded as dysfunctional; Deviance (sociology), actions or behaviors that violate social norms; Deviant Behavior, an interdisciplinary journal which focuses on social deviance; Deviant Behavior, a textbook by American sociologist Erich Goode
Merton argued that deviance may result as a consequence of a blockage in an individual's life which does not allow them to achieve their goal, essentially leading to deviant behavior. According to Merton’s strain theory, criminality is determined by acceptance or rejection of cultural ideals and/or institutionalized mechanisms of ...