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Several synthesis routes exist, [3] the most common being the reaction between alkyl halides and alkali thiocyanate in aqueous media. [4] Illustrative is the preparation of isopropyl thiocyanate by treatment of isopropyl bromide with sodium thiocyanate in boiling ethanol. [5]
Thiocyanate [6] is known to be an important part in the biosynthesis of hypothiocyanite by a lactoperoxidase. [7] [8] [9] Thus the complete absence of thiocyanate or reduced thiocyanate [10] in the human body, (e.g., cystic fibrosis) is damaging to the human host defense system.
The first synthesis of mercury thiocyanate was probably completed in 1821 by Jöns Jacob Berzelius: HgO + 2 HSCN → Hg(SCN) 2 + H 2 O. Evidence for the first pure sample was presented in 1866 prepared by a chemist named Otto Hermes. [2] It is prepared by treating solutions containing mercury(II) and thiocyanate ions.
Allyl thiocyanate isomerizes to the isothiocyanate: [4] CH 2 =CHCH 2 SCN → CH 2 =CHCH 2 NCS. Isothiocyanates can be prepared by treating organic dithiocarbamate salts with lead nitrate or tosyl chloride. [5] [6] Synthesis of phenyl isothiocyanate. Isothiocyanates may also be accessed by the fragmentation reactions of 1,4,2-oxathiazoles. [7]
Sodium thiocyanate (sometimes called sodium sulphocyanide) is the chemical compound with the formula NaSCN. This colorless deliquescent salt is one of the main sources of the thiocyanate anion . As such, it is used as a precursor for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and other specialty chemicals . [ 2 ]
Potassium thiocyanate is the chemical compound with the molecular formula KSCN. ... KSCN is also the starting product for the synthesis of carbonyl sulfide.
Copper(I) thiocyanate is a hole conductor, a semiconductor with a wide band gap (3.6 eV, therefore transparent to visible and near infrared light). [11] It is used in photovoltaics in some third-generation cells as a hole transfer layer.
Nickel(II) thiocyanate is a coordination polymer with formula Ni(SCN) 2. [1] It is a green-brown solid and its crystal structure was determined first in 1982. [ 1 ]