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English loans are mostly related to trade, science and technology while Arabic loans are mostly religious as Arabic is the liturgical language of Islam, the religion of the majority of Malay speakers. However, many key words such as surga/syurga (heaven) and the word for "religion" itself (agama) have origins in Sanskrit.
chēlízi. 车厘子. Food & drink. Transliterated from plural, exclusively refers to black cherries in mainland China. chiffon. xuěfǎng, qìfēng. 雪纺、戚风. Clothing, Food & drink. The first loanword refers to chiffon as a kind of fabric, the second refers to chiffon cake.
A loanword (also a loan word, loan-word) is a word at least partly assimilated from one language (the donor language) into another language (the recipient or target language), through the process of borrowing. [1][2] Borrowing is a metaphorical term that is well established in the linguistic field despite its acknowledged descriptive flaws ...
Words of Chinese origin have entered European languages, including English. Most of these were direct loanwords from various varieties of Chinese.However, Chinese words have also entered indirectly via other languages, particularly Korean, Japanese and Vietnamese, that have all used Chinese characters at some point and contain a large number of Chinese loanwords.
Calque. In linguistics, a calque (/ kælk /) or loan translation is a word or phrase borrowed from another language by literal word-for-word or root-for-root translation. When used as a verb, “to calque” means to borrow a word or phrase from another language while translating its components, so as to create a new lexeme in the target language.
The common Malay word for bamboo is buluh, though the root word mambu may have originated as a corruption of the Malay word semambu, a type of rattan used to make the walking stick variously referred to as Malacca cane or bamboo cane in English. [12] Banteng. from Malay banteng, derived from Javanese banṭéng.
There are many Tamil loanwords in other languages. The Tamil language, primarily spoken in southern India and Sri Lanka, has produced loanwords in many different languages, including Ancient Greek, Biblical Hebrew, English, Malay, native languages of Indonesia, Mauritian Creole, Tagalog, Russian, and Sinhala and Dhivehi.
A loanword is said to have undergone a semantic shift if its meaning in Tagalog deviates from the original meaning of the word in the source language (in this case, Spanish). A type of semantic shift is the so-called semantic narrowing , which is a linguistic phenomenon in which the meaning of a Spanish-derived word acquires a less general or ...