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Southern Kurmanji, spoken in Al-Hasakah Governorate in the east of Syrian Kurdistan, Sinjar District (Şingal) in the west of Iraqi Kurdistan, and in several adjacent parts of the south of Turkish Kurdistan, centered on the Mardin (Mêrdîn) and Batman (Êlih) provinces.
Southern Kurdish has many variants, linguist Fattah divides them into 35 varieties. These include: Bîcarî. The most septentrional variety of Southern Kurdish spoken in and around Bijar in Iran. Bîcarî is the only Southern Kurdish variety detached from the greater Southern Kurdish-speaking region. [6] Qurweyî (Chahar Dawli Xarbi)
Grammar of the Kurmanji or Kurdish language (in English and Kurdish). Luzac & Company. Soane, E. B. (1918), Notes on the tribes of Southern Kurdistan, Government Press, pp. 1– 39; Soane, E. B. (1921), "A Short Anthology of Guran Poetry", The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, Cambridge University Press: 57– 81
The main varieties of Kurdish are Kurmanji, Sorani, and Southern Kurdish (Xwarîn). The majority of the Kurds speak Kurmanji, [15] and most Kurdish texts are written in Kurmanji and Sorani. Kurmanji is written in the Hawar alphabet, a derivation of the Latin script, and Sorani is written in the Sorani alphabet, a derivation of the Arabic script.
Northern group (the Kurmanji dialect group) Central group (part of the Sorani dialect group) Southern group (part of the Xwarin dialect group) including Laki; The Zaza and Gorani are ethnic Kurds, [55] but the Zaza–Gorani languages are not classified as Kurdish. [56]
Soane, Ely Banister (1922), "Notes on the Phonology of Southern Kurmanji", The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, 2, Cambridge University Press Thackston, W.M. (2006a), —Sorani Kurdish— A Reference Grammar with Selected Readings (PDF) , archived from the original (PDF) on 27 February 2021 , retrieved 29 ...
A Sorani Kurdish speaker, recorded in Norway.. Sorani Kurdish (Sorani Kurdish: کوردیی ناوەندی, Kurdî Nawendî), [3] [4] [5] also known as Central Kurdish, is a Kurdish dialect [6] [7] [8] or a language [9] [10] spoken in Iraq, mainly in Iraqi Kurdistan, as well as the provinces of Kurdistan, Kermanshah, and West Azerbaijan in western Iran.
A 2005 study genetically examined three different groups of Zaza (n= 27) and Kurmanji speakers in Turkey and Kurmanji speakers in Georgia. In the study, mtDNA HV1 sequences, eleven Y chromosome bi-allelic markers and 9 Y-STR loci were analyzed to investigate lineage relationship among these Iranian-speaking groups.