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Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, writing several decades after Hegel's death, proposed that Hegel's dialectic is too abstract. [34] Against this, Marx presented his own dialectic method, which he claimed to be "direct opposite" of Hegel's method. [34] Marxist dialectics is exemplified in Das Kapital. As Marx explained,
The lord–bondsman dialectic (sometimes translated master–slave dialectic) is a famous passage in Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel's The Phenomenology of Spirit.It is widely considered a key element in Hegel's philosophical system, and it has heavily influenced many subsequent philosophers.
Hegel's logic is a system of dialectics, i.e., a dialectical metaphysics: it is a development of the principle that thought and being constitute a single and active unity. Science of Logic also incorporates the traditional Aristotelian syllogism : it is conceived as a phase of the "original unity of thought and being" rather than as a detached ...
Hegel's thought is in fact sometimes called dialectical idealism, and Hegel himself is counted among a number of other philosophers known as the German idealists. Marx, on the contrary, believed that dialectics should deal not with the mental world of ideas but with "the material world", the world of production and other economic activity. [ 21 ]
According to Beiser, "if Hegel has any methodology at all, it appears to be an anti-methodology, a method to suspend all methods." Hegel's term "dialectic" must be understood with reference to the concept of the object of investigation. What must be grasped is "the 'self-organization' of the subject matter, its 'inner necessity' and 'inherent ...
[1] This implies that Hegel's philosophical framework creates a continuous loop of development and self-reflection. Kojève takes Heidegger's concept of Angst (anxiety) in the face of death and applies it to the fear experienced by the Slave in his initial conflict with the Master. [2] In Hegel's dialectic, the Master-Slave relationship is pivotal.
In light of his distinctive philosophical approach, using a method that is dialectical and historical, Hegel offers a radical reinterpretation of the meaning of Christianity and its characteristic doctrines. The approach taken in these lectures is to some extent prefigured in Hegel's first published book, The Phenomenology of Spirit (1807).
The Frankfurt School attempted to reformulate Hegel's idealistic dialectics into a more concrete method of investigation. [16] According to Hegel, human history can be reconstructed to show how what is rational in reality is the result of the overcoming of past contradictions.
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