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In a more general sense, the Poisson bracket is used to define a Poisson algebra, of which the algebra of functions on a Poisson manifold is a special case. There are other general examples, as well: it occurs in the theory of Lie algebras , where the tensor algebra of a Lie algebra forms a Poisson algebra; a detailed construction of how this ...
Valentine Bargmann noted subsequently that the Poisson brackets for the angular momentum vector L and the scaled LRL vector A formed the Lie algebra for SO(4). [ 11 ] [ 42 ] Simply put, the six quantities A and L correspond to the six conserved angular momenta in four dimensions, associated with the six possible simple rotations in that space ...
Momentum is a vector in three dimensions; similarly four-momentum is a four-vector in spacetime. The contravariant four-momentum of a particle with relativistic energy E and three-momentum p = (p x, p y, p z) = γmv, where v is the particle's three-velocity and γ the Lorentz factor, is = (,,,) = (,,,). The quantity mv of above is the ordinary ...
between the position operator x and momentum operator p x in the x direction of a point particle in one dimension, where [x, p x] = x p x − p x x is the commutator of x and p x , i is the imaginary unit, and ℏ is the reduced Planck constant h/2π, and is the unit operator.
The symplectic structure induces a Poisson bracket. The Poisson bracket gives the space of functions on the manifold the structure of a Lie algebra. If F and G are smooth functions on M then the smooth function ω(J(dF), J(dG)) is properly defined; it is called a Poisson bracket of functions F and G and is denoted {F, G}. The Poisson bracket ...
Another useful result is Poisson's theorem, which states that if two quantities and are constants of motion, so is their Poisson bracket {,}. A system with n degrees of freedom, and n constants of motion, such that the Poisson bracket of any pair of constants of motion vanishes, is known as a completely integrable system .
Momentum space is the set of all momentum vectors p a physical system can have; the momentum vector of a particle corresponds to its motion, with dimension of mass ⋅ length ⋅ time −1. Mathematically, the duality between position and momentum is an example of Pontryagin duality .
In a phase space, every degree of freedom or parameter of the system is represented as an axis of a multidimensional space; a one-dimensional system is called a phase line, while a two-dimensional system is called a phase plane. For every possible state of the system or allowed combination of values of the system's parameters, a point is ...