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A more detailed analysis of the problem shows that the work done by the wings is converted primarily into kinetic energy of the air that is accelerated by the downward stroke of the wings. The power is the amount of work done in 1 s; in the insect used as an example, makes 110 downward strokes per second.
Insect wings are adult outgrowths of the insect exoskeleton that enable insects to fly.They are found on the second and third thoracic segments (the mesothorax and metathorax), and the two pairs are often referred to as the forewings and hindwings, respectively, though a few insects lack hindwings, even rudiments.
The wings often appear disproportionately short compared to other bees. Their "buzz" is often a high-pitched whine, as they hover and feed on flowers. Males commonly have pale white or yellow facial markings, and/or peculiarly modified leg armature and hairs.
For the wings, they built "artificial muscles" using a piezoelectric actuator - a thin ceramic strip that contracts when electric current is run across it. [7] Thin plastic hinges serve as joints that allow rotational motions in the wings. [2] The design allows the robots to generate power output comparable with an insect of equal size. [5]
The length varies considerably: for example, the Anthracinae have short mouthparts, with the labium terminating in a large fleshy labellum; in Phthiriinae, the tube is considerably longer, and in Bombyliinae more than four times the length of the head.
Australasian figbird, catching a beetle on the wing. Hawking is a feeding strategy in birds involving catching flying insects in the air. The term usually refers to a technique of sallying out from a perch to snatch an insect and then returning to the same or a different perch, though it also applies to birds that spend almost their entire lives on the wing.
By shaking its wings 100 times a second, the club-winged manakin can produce around 1,400 single sounds during that time. [5] In order to withstand the repeated beating of its wings together, the club-winged manakin has evolved solid wing bones (by comparison, the bones of most birds are hollow, making flight easier).
In some sphingids, the pupa has a free proboscis, rather than being fused to the pupal case as is most common in the macrolepidoptera. [2] They have a cremaster at the tip of the abdomen. [ 5 ] Usually, they pupate off the host plant, in an underground chamber, among rocks, or in a loose cocoon. [ 5 ]