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The dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia or the dopamine hypothesis of psychosis is a model that attributes the positive symptoms of schizophrenia to a disturbed and hyperactive dopaminergic signal transduction. The model draws evidence from the observation that a large number of antipsychotics have dopamine-receptor antagonistic effects. The ...
Researchers believe they have solved a riddle that has challenged scientists for more than 70 years – how the brain chemical dopamine relates to schizophrenia.
The causes of schizophrenia that underlie the development of schizophrenia, a psychiatric disorder, are complex and not clearly understood.A number of hypotheses including the dopamine hypothesis, and the glutamate hypothesis have been put forward in an attempt to explain the link between altered brain function and the symptoms and development of schizophrenia.
Schizophrenia affects around 0.3–0.7% of people at some point in their life. [19] [14] In areas of conflict this figure can rise to between 4.0 and 6.5%. [255] It occurs 1.4 times more frequently in males than females and typically appears earlier in men. [87] Worldwide, schizophrenia is the most common psychotic disorder. [56]
It is of interest that cigarette smoking affects liver function such that the antipsychotic drugs used to treat schizophrenia are metabolized more quickly. Consequently, smokers with schizophrenia need slightly higher doses of antipsychotic drugs in order to attain therapeutic effect. [146]
[3] [dubious – discuss] Likely, both dopaminergic and glutaminergic abnormalities are implicated in schizophrenia, from a profound alteration in the function of the chemical synapses, as well as electrical synaptic irregularities. These form a portion of the complex constellation of factors, neurochemically, psychologically, psychosocially ...
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