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Dapagliflozin is an example of an SGLT-2 inhibitor, it is a competitive, highly selective inhibitor of SGLT. It acts via selective and potent inhibition of SGLT-2, and its activity is based on each patient's underlying blood sugar control and kidney function. The results are decreased kidney reabsorption of glucose, glucosuria effect increases ...
The 2022 American Diabetes Association (ADA) standards of medical care in diabetes include GLP-1 agonists or SGLT2 inhibitors as a first-line pharmacological therapy for type 2 diabetes in patients who have or are at high risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease or heart failure. They are also a first-line treatment for people with both ...
The low cost of most sulfonylureas, however, especially when considering their significant efficacy in blood glucose reduction, tends to keep them as a more feasible option in many patients - neither SGLT2 inhibitors nor GLP-1 agonists, the classes most favored by the AACE guidelines after metformin, are currently available as generics.
Sotagliflozin, sold under the brand name Inpefa among others, is a medication used to reduce the risk of death due to heart failure. [1] It is an inhibitor of sodium-glucose cotransporter 1 and 2 (SGLT1/SGLT2 inhibitor). [1]
SGLT2 is a member of the sodium glucose cotransporter family, which are sodium-dependent glucose transport proteins. SGLT2 is the major cotransporter involved in glucose reabsorption in the kidney. [6] SGLT2 is located in the early proximal tubule, and is responsible for reabsorption of 80-90% of the glucose filtered by the kidney glomerulus. [7]
Because sodium is absorbed at the same time as glucose via SGLT-2, the upregulation of SGLT-2 probably leads to development or maintenance of hypertension. In study where rats were given either ramipril or losartan, levels of SGLT-2 protein and mRNA were significantly reduced. In patients with diabetes, hypertension is a common problem so this ...
SGLT2 inhibitors should be stopped before surgery and only recommenced when it is safe to do so. [25] SGLT2 inhibitors may be used in people with type 1 diabetes, but the possibility of ketoacidosis requires specific risk management. [26] Specifically, they should not be used if someone is also using a low carbohydrate or ketogenic diet. [27]
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