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16 June: The first tank battle of the North African campaign takes place, the "Engagement at Nezuet Ghirba" [3] 3 July: British navy shells French warships in the port of Oran (Mers El Kébir) to keep them out of German hands. 13 September: Italian forces invade Egypt from Libya; 16 September: Italian forces establish front east of Sidi Barrani
The North African campaign of World War II took place in North Africa from 10 June 1940 to 13 May 1943, fought between the Allies and the Axis Powers. It included campaigns in the Libyan and Egyptian deserts ( Western Desert campaign , Desert War), in Morocco and Algeria ( Operation Torch ), and in Tunisia ( Tunisia campaign ).
The North African campaign of World War II, sometimes called the "Desert War", includes the campaigns in Egypt and Libya (often referred to as the Western Desert campaign or the "Egypt–Libya Campaign") and those campaigns in Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia (usually referred to as the Tunisian campaign.
Lists of battles fought in Africa (see also List of conflicts in Africa) List of battles in South Africa; Lists of battles fought in the Americas Lists of battles fought in U.S. states (see also Category:Battles by U.S. state): Lists of battles fought in Europe (see also List of conflicts in Europe) Last battle on British soil
The division boarded ships to travel to North Africa for Operation Torch, the Allied invasion of North Africa, in November 1942. Acting intelligence officer Rudolph von Ripper c. 1942 wearing red bull shoulder badge. The 34th, under command of Major General Ryder, saw its first combat in French Algeria on 8 November 1942.
On 7 March the Axis forces began a withdrawal northwards towards the Mareth Line, the Eighth Army pursuit being slowed by rain. The Battle of Medenine was the last battle commanded by Rommel in the North African Campaign, who returned to Europe for good soon afterwards.
The North African coast has few natural harbors and the British base at Alexandria on the Nile delta was some 2,100 km (1,300 mi) by road from the main Italian port at Tripoli in Libya. Smaller ports at Benghazi and Tobruk were 1,050 km (650 mi) and 640 km (400 mi) west of Alexandria on the Litoranea Balbo (Via Balbia) running along a narrow ...
Recalling the Battle of Britain: A Photographic Essay based upon the records of the 'Kent Messenger' and other contemporary sources of World War 2. Kent Publisher. Clark, Ronald W. (1965). Battle for Britain: Sixteen Weeks that changed the Course of History. London: Harrap. ———; et al. (1969). The Hundred Days that shook the world. Hemel ...