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Quinine remained the antimalarial drug of choice until after World War II. Since then, other drugs that have fewer side effects, such as chloroquine, have largely replaced it. [71] Bromo Quinine were brand name cold tablets containing quinine, manufactured by Grove Laboratories. They were first marketed in 1889 and available until at least the ...
Tonic water is known to cause fixed eruptions, which is a type of skin reaction to drugs, [15] due to the quinine content. Various scientific journals have reported that repeated intake of tonic water can cause fixed eruptions with varying severity, with one reporting the onset of Stevens-Johnson syndrome . [ 16 ]
Over a hundred of the 224 drugs mentioned in the Huangdi Neijing – an early Chinese medical text – are herbs. [11] Herbs also commonly featured in the medicine of ancient India, where the principal treatment for diseases was diet. [12] A sample of raw opium. Opioids are among the world's oldest known drugs.
Quinine Cartel was a cartel regarding price and territory of producers of quinine and quinidine.There were two separate cartels with different members each time. From the first isolation of quinine as an API in the year 1792 until the year 1947 [1] it remained the only effective medicine against Malaria until Chloroquine (a comparable but synthetic API) and other drugs in adequate amounts ...
The importance of cinchona production and the Kinabureau also declined due to the development of new, synthetic drugs. As early as 1928, IG Farben had found an effective synthetic antimalarial drug, but this had serious side effects. Two other synthetic drugs, primaquine and chloroquine, were developed during the Second World War. These played ...
Hypersensitivity to quinine, mefloquine, quinidine, or dextromethorphan/quinidine with a history of thrombocytopenia, hepatitis, bone marrow depression or lupus-like syndrome induced by these drugs; QT interval, prolonged or congenital long QT syndrome or a history suggesting torsades de pointes
William Weightman (September 30, 1813 – August 25, 1904) was a chemical manufacturer and one of the largest landowners in the United States. [1] Nicknamed the "Quinine King," [2] he created a synthetic form of the drug. [1]
By 1913, 95 percent of quinine production was controlled by the Dutch Kinabureau through large plantations on Java. [2] With the outbreak of World War II, a supply of quinine was essential for successful military operations. In 1942, the Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies cut off the supply of quinine to the allies. [1]