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In Puerto Rico, the güiro often associated with the music of the jíbaro and is used in the musical genres of the plena, the seis, and the danza. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] In the Caribbean coast, the güiro was used in traditional, folk dance cumbia music and is still used in modern cumbia music. [ 7 ]
The güira (Spanish pronunciation:) is a percussion instrument from the Dominican Republic used in merengue, bachata, and to a lesser extent, other genres such as cumbia.It is made of a metal sheet (commonly steel) and played with a stiff brush, thus being similar to the Haitian graj (a perforated metal cylinder scraped with a stick) and the Cuban guayo (metal scraper) and güiro (gourd scraper).
The Puerto Rican cuatro (Spanish: cuatro puertorriqueño) is the national instrument of Puerto Rico. It belongs to the lute family of string instruments , and is guitar -like in function, but with a shape closer to that of the violin.
In the 1930s–1950s, a bass instrument was also often used. Called marimba , it resembles the Cuban marímbula , and is a large box-shaped thumb piano with 3-6 metal keys. The main percussion instruments, güira and tambora, have been a part of the ensemble since the music's inception, and are so important that they are often considered ...
Andrés Jiménez Hernández, popularly known as "El Jíbaro" (born July 3, 1947 in Orocovis, Puerto Rico), is a composer and singer of traditional Puerto Rican folk music (jíbaro music) and is that music genre's best known contemporary trovador (troubadour, i.e., singer) linked to the Neofolkloric movement of the Nueva Canción (New Song).
As for Taíno instrumentation, both the guiro and maracas were believed to have originated from the Taíno in modern-day Puerto Rico. The guiro is a percussion instrument made by carving shells of certain fruits and leaving parallel notch marks on the surface. It is typically played with an accompanying stick or wire fork called pua.