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The deposited crystalline film is called an epitaxial film or epitaxial layer. The relative orientation(s) of the epitaxial layer to the seed layer is defined in terms of the orientation of the crystal lattice of each material. For most epitaxial growths, the new layer is usually crystalline and each crystallographic domain of the overlayer ...
[2] [3] Pendeo-epitaxy of GaN involves growing a continuous GaN film, commonly with high density of dislocations, as a seed layer on a substrate (SiC, sapphire or Si), then etching away portions from the GaN film (seed layer) thus leaving GaN seed stripes or columns, separated by trenches. The subsequent PE layer grows simultaneously from the ...
Molecular-beam epitaxy takes place in high vacuum or ultra-high vacuum (10 −8 –10 −12 Torr).The most important aspect of an MBE process is the deposition rate (typically less than 3,000 nm per hour) that allows the films to grow epitaxially (in layers on top of the existing crystal).
The growth of epitaxial (homogeneous or heterogeneous) thin films on a single crystal surface depends critically on the interaction strength between adatoms and the surface. While it is possible to grow epilayers from a liquid solution, most epitaxial growth occurs via a vapor phase technique such as molecular beam epitaxy (MBE).
The latter phenomenon is accordingly observed in nearly epitaxial growth processes, where certain crystallographic axes of crystals in the layer tend to align along a particular crystallographic orientation of the (single-crystal) substrate. Tailoring the texture on demand has become an important task in thin film technology.
Epitaxial graphene growth on silicon carbide (SiC) by thermal decomposition is a method to produce large-scale few-layer graphene (FLG). Graphene is one of the most promising nanomaterials for the future because of its various characteristics, like strong stiffness and high electric and thermal conductivity .
Extended Wulff constructions refers to a number of different ways to model the structure of nanoparticles as well as larger mineral crystals, and as such can be used to understand both the shape of certain gemstones or crystals with twins.as well as in other areas such as how nanoparticles play a role in the commercial production of chemicals using heterogeneous catalysts.
The simplest cameras for X-ray powder diffraction consist of a small capillary and either a flat plate detector (originally a piece of X-ray film, now more and more a flat-plate detector or a CCD-camera) or a cylindrical one (originally a piece of film in a cookie-jar, but increasingly bent position sensitive detectors are used). The two types ...