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The iPhone X (Roman numeral "X" pronounced "ten" [13]) is a smartphone that was developed and marketed by Apple Inc. It is part of the 11th generation of the iPhone. Available for pre-order from September 26, 2017, it was released on November 3, 2017. The naming of the iPhone X (skipping the iPhone 9 and 9s) marked the 10th anniversary of the ...
The modern (perturbative) quantum mechanical view of the fundamental forces other than gravity is that particles of matter do not directly interact with each other, but rather carry a charge, and exchange virtual particles (gauge bosons), which are the interaction carriers or force mediators.
Lifshitz's theory for two metal plates reduces to Casimir's idealized 1 / a 4 force law for large separations a much greater than the skin depth of the metal, and conversely reduces to the 1 / a 3 force law of the London dispersion force (with a coefficient called a Hamaker constant) for small a, with a more complicated ...
as electric charge does in electromagnetism, and color charge in the strong interaction; a different number with a similar name, weak charge, discussed below, is used for interactions with the Z 0 All left-handed fermions have a weak isospin value of either + + 1 / 2 or − + 1 / 2 ; all right-handed fermions have 0 isospin.
Two decades of evolution of mobile phones, from a 1992 Motorola DynaTAC 8000X to the 2014 iPhone 6 Plus. A mobile phone, or cell phone, [a] is a portable telephone that allows users to make and receive calls over a radio frequency link while moving within a designated telephone service area, unlike fixed-location phones (landline phones).
Lorentz force acting on fast-moving charged particles in a bubble chamber.Positive and negative charge trajectories curve in opposite directions. In physics, specifically in electromagnetism, the Lorentz force law is the combination of electric and magnetic force on a point charge due to electromagnetic fields.
Considering the charge to be invariant of observer, the electric and magnetic fields of a uniformly moving point charge can hence be derived by the Lorentz transformation of the four force on the test charge in the charge's frame of reference given by Coulomb's law and attributing magnetic and electric fields by their definitions given by the ...
An illustrative example of the two effects is that sound travels only 4.3 times faster in water than air, despite enormous differences in compressibility of the two media. The reason is that the greater density of water, which works to slow sound in water relative to the air, nearly makes up for the compressibility differences in the two media.