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The 1978 series began with denominations of 2, 5, 10, and 20 rand, with a 50 rand introduced in 1984. This series had only one language variant for each denomination of note. Afrikaans was the first language on the 2, 10, and 50 rand, while English was the first on the 5 and 20 rand. A coin replaced the 1 rand note.
As of 2021/22 total South African government debt was $130 billion. [1] The country's debt to GDP ratio in October 2020 was calculated at 82.76% of GDP by the International Monetary Fund. [2] Roughly 90% of the national debt in 2019/20 was denominated in South African rand thereby reducing borrowing risk due to currency fluctuations. [3]
South Africa has an estimated total water capacity of 38 billion cubic metres, but will need 65 billion by 2025 if the economy is to keep on growing. [159] The massive urban migration has placed further strain on the country's ageing water infrastructure and created a large backlog. [159]
The first list includes estimates compiled by the International Monetary Fund's World Economic Outlook, the second list shows the World Bank's data, and the third list includes data compiled by the United Nations Statistics Division. The IMF's definitive data for the past year and estimates for the current year are published twice a year in ...
Despite the COVID-19 pandemic, African private investment was steady in 2020, rising to $4.3 billion from $3.9 billion in 2019 as pipeline and current transactions were closed. [40] For resource-intensive nations, real per capita GDP is anticipated to stay below pre-pandemic levels until at least 2024, with growth of barely 1% per year in 2022 ...
For the billionaire bracket, those with a net worth of between $2.5 billion and $5 billion would pay 6% tax over $32 million, 7% between $5 billion and $10 billion, and 8% on wealth over $10 billion.
What's more, for these services, BlackRock charges an expense ratio of 0.25%. Patience is key Bitcoin's scarcity and decentralization are amazing qualities that more of the world will become ...
The bank has a starting capital of $50 billion, with wealth increased to $100 billion over time. [147] Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa initially contributed $10 billion each to bring the total to $50 billion. [146] [147] As of 2020, it had 53 projects underway worth around $15 billion. [148]