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The temple of Yan Po Nagar was the principal religious foundation of southern Champa (or Panduranga, a word that is the basis for the modern name "Phan Rang.") Its buildings date from between the 8th and 13th centuries. The temple remains standing to this day across the Cai River from Nha Trang, and is in relatively good condition. [11]
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Territory of Champa (light green) after Champa–Đại Việt War (1471) 1801 map of Southeast Asia by John Cary showing Panduranga Champa (Tsiompa) Former Cham territories after the Vietnamese annexation of Panduranga in 1832.
In Kauthara province in 774, Champa's Siva-linga temple of Po Nagar was assaulted and demolished. [83] Champa source mentioned their invader as foreigners, sea-farers, eaters of inferior food, of frightful appearance, extraordinarily black and thin. [84] The 774 assault by the Javanese happened in the rule of Isvaraloka (Satyavarman).
Mỹ Sơn (Vietnamese pronunciation: [mǐˀ səːn]) is a cluster of abandoned and partially ruined Shaiva Hindu temples in central Vietnam, constructed between the 4th and the 13th century by the Kings of Champa, an Indianized kingdom of the Cham people.
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The King of Champa then became an ally of the Johor Sultanate; in 1594, Champa sent its military forces to fight alongside Johor against the Portuguese occupation of Malacca. [35] Between 1607 and 1676, one of the Champa kings converted to Islam and it became a dominant feature of Cham society. The Chams also adopted the Jawi alphabet. [36]
Panduranga was the rump state of the Champa kingdom after Lê Thánh Tông, emperor of Đại Việt, destroyed Champa in 1471 as part of the general policy of Nam tiến. The Panduranga principality was located in present-day south-central Vietnam and its centre is around the modern day city of Phan Rang .