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Litany, in Christian worship and some forms of Jewish worship, is a form of prayer used in services and processions, and consisting of a number of petitions. The word comes through Latin litania from Ancient Greek λιτανεία ( litaneía ), which in turn comes from λιτή ( litḗ ), meaning " prayer , supplication ".
The litany was prefaced with an "Exhortation to Prayer", which was a homily-styled discourse on the nature of prayer. The "Exhortation" was intended to be read in public before the procession started. [10] Published on 27 May 1544, the litany was the first authorised English-language service. [1] It was to be used for Rogation and Lenten ...
The litany is made up of portions of earlier litanies dating to the seventeenth century. This included invocations composed by Jean Croiset S.J. in 1681, and ten by the Visitandine Anne-Madeleine Remuzat, plus others for a total of thirty-three, as in the years of Jesus' earthly life.
Marian litanies are numerous in the Eastern church and may cover a multitude of themes, some dogmatic, others of moral and patriotic character. In the liturgy of the Western Church the word litany is derived from the Latin litania, meaning prayer of invocation or intercession.
The main forms of the litany are: the Great Litany (Greek: Συναπτή μεγάλη / Synaptê Megalê; Slavonic: Ектения великая / Ekteniya Velikaya): So called not only because of its length, but because of its importance, coming near the beginning of major services such as the Divine Liturgy, Matins, Vespers, Baptism, Great Blessing of Waters, etc.
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The Litany of the Blessed Virgin Mary is a Marian litany originally approved in 1587 by Pope Sixtus V.It is also known as the Litany of Loreto (Latin: Litaniae lauretanae), after its first-known place of origin, the Shrine of Our Lady of Loreto (Italy), where its usage was recorded as early as 1558.