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In chemistry, Le Chatelier's principle (pronounced UK: / l ə ʃ æ ˈ t ɛ l j eɪ / or US: / ˈ ʃ ɑː t əl j eɪ /) [1] is a principle used to predict the effect of a change in conditions on chemical equilibrium. [2] Other names include Chatelier's principle, Braun–Le Chatelier principle, Le Chatelier–Braun principle or the equilibrium ...
According to Le Chatelier's principle, the addition of acetate ions from sodium acetate will suppress the ionization of acetic acid and shift its equilibrium to the left. Thus the percent dissociation of the acetic acid will decrease, and the pH of the solution will increase.
Henry Louis Le Chatelier [1] (French pronunciation: [ɑ̃ʁi lwi lə ʃɑtəlje]; 8 October 1850 – 17 September 1936) was a French chemist of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He devised Le Chatelier's principle, used by chemists and chemical engineers to predict the effect a changing condition has on a system in chemical equilibrium.
By Le Chatelier's principle, the release of CO 2 from the lungs pushes the reaction above to the left, causing carbonic anhydrase to form CO 2 until all excess protons are removed. Bicarbonate concentration is also further regulated by renal compensation , the process by which the kidneys regulate the concentration of bicarbonate ions by ...
According to Le Chatelier's principle, higher pressure favours ammonia. High pressure is necessary to ensure sufficient surface coverage of the catalyst with nitrogen. [ 56 ] For this reason, a ratio of nitrogen to hydrogen of 1 to 3, a pressure of 250 to 350 bar, a temperature of 450 to 550 °C and α iron are optimal.
The value of the pK a changes with temperature and can be understood qualitatively based on Le Châtelier's principle: when the reaction is endothermic, K a increases and pK a decreases with increasing temperature; the opposite is true for exothermic reactions. The value of pK a also depends on molecular structure of the acid in many ways.
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[17]: 139 This type of inhibition causes V max to decrease (maximum velocity decreases as a result of removing activated complex) and K m to decrease (due to better binding efficiency as a result of Le Chatelier's principle and the effective elimination of the ES complex thus decreasing the K m which indicates a higher binding affinity). [18]