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The endoskeleton of the fish is made up of two main components: the axial skeleton consisting of the skull and vertebral column, and the appendicular skeleton supporting the fins. [7] The fins are made up of bony fin rays and, except for the caudal fin, have no direct connection with the spine.
Osteichthyes (/ ˌ ɒ s t iː ˈ ɪ k θ iː z / ost-ee-IK-theez; from Ancient Greek ὀστέον (ostéon) 'bone' and ἰχθύς (ikhthús) 'fish'), [2] also known as osteichthyans or commonly referred to as the bony fish, is a diverse superclass of vertebrate animals that have endoskeletons primarily composed of bone tissue.
The hagfish skeleton comprises the skull, the notochord, and the caudal fin rays. The first diagram of the hagfish endoskeleton was made by Frederick Cole in 1905. [44] In Cole's monograph, he described sections of the skeleton that he termed "pseudo-cartilage", referring to its distinct properties compared to jawed chordates.
Chondrichthyes (/ k ɒ n ˈ d r ɪ k θ i iː z /; from Ancient Greek χόνδρος (khóndros) 'cartilage' and ἰχθύς (ikhthús) 'fish') is a class of jawed fish that contains the cartilaginous fish or chondrichthyans, which all have skeletons primarily composed of cartilage.
After the appearance of jawed fish (placoderms, acanthodians, sharks, etc.) about 420 million years ago, most ostracoderm species underwent a decline, and the last ostracoderms became extinct at the end of the Devonian period. More recent research indicates that fish with jaws had far less to do with the extinction of the ostracoderms than ...
The black endostyle is visible below the oral siphon, as well as a mid-dorsal black line below the atrial siphon. [ 11 ] Clavelina ossipandae is also recognizable by the black markings on its white anterior portion (a central dot between the oral and atrial siphons, surrounded by two lateral bands), uniquely distinctive in the genus Clavelina .
Mustelus palumbes J. L. B. Smith, 1957 (White-spotted smooth-hound) Mustelus punctulatus A. Risso, 1827 (Black-spotted smooth-hound) Mustelus ravidus W. T. White & Last, 2006 (Australian grey smooth-hound) Mustelus schmitti S. Springer, 1939 (Narrow-nose smooth-hound) Mustelus sinusmexicanus Heemstra, 1997 (Gulf smooth-hound)
Batoids are flat-bodied, and, like sharks, are cartilaginous fish, meaning they have a boneless skeleton made of a tough, elastic cartilage. Most batoids have five ventral slot-like body openings called gill slits that lead from the gills, but the Hexatrygonidae have six. [3]