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The only difference between these headers and the traditional C Standard Library headers is that where possible the functions should be placed into the std:: namespace. In ISO C, functions in the standard library are allowed to be implemented by macros , which is not allowed by ISO C++.
The new standard passed its final draft review on October 10, 2011 and was officially ratified by ISO and published as ISO/IEC 9899:2011 on December 8, 2011, with no comments requiring resolution by participating national bodies. A standard macro __STDC_VERSION__ is defined with value 201112L to indicate that C11 support is available. [5]
The C standard library, sometimes referred to as libc, [1] is the standard library for the C programming language, as specified in the ISO C standard. [2] Starting from the original ANSI C standard, it was developed at the same time as the C POSIX library , which is a superset of it. [ 3 ]
The line between the core language and its standard library is further blurred in some languages by defining core language constructs in terms of its standard library. For example, Java defines a string literal as an instance of the java.lang.String class.
Managed C++ is geared towards object-oriented programming. A major difference between standard C++ and Managed C++ is that multiple inheritance is not supported, and a class managed under the CLR's garbage collector cannot inherit more than one class. This is because of a limitation of the CLR.
In 2003, it published a new version of the C++ standard called ISO/IEC 14882:2003, which fixed problems identified in C++98. The next major revision of the standard was informally referred to as "C++0x", but it was not released until 2011. [47] C++11 (14882:2011) included many additions to both the core language and the standard library. [43]
The C++ Standard Library includes the Standard Template Library or STL that provides a framework of templates for common data structures and algorithms. Templates in C++ may also be used for template metaprogramming, which is a way of pre-evaluating some of the code at compile-time rather than run-time.
Cover of the C99 standards document. C99 (previously C9X, formally ISO/IEC 9899:1999) is a past version of the C programming language open standard. [1] It extends the previous version with new features for the language and the standard library, and helps implementations make better use of available computer hardware, such as IEEE 754-1985 floating-point arithmetic, and compiler technology. [2]