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Catchment zone in Nattai, Australia containing drinking water. Catchment hydrology is the study of hydrology in drainage basins. Catchments are areas of land where runoff collects to a specific zone. This movement is caused by water moving from areas of high energy to low energy due to the influence of gravity.
Watershed delineation is the process of identifying the boundary of a watershed, also referred to as a catchment, drainage basin, or river basin.It is an important step in many areas of environmental science, engineering, and management, for example to study flooding, aquatic habitat, or water pollution.
In hydrology, the drainage basin is a logical unit of focus [clarification needed] for studying the movement of water within the hydrological cycle. The process of finding a drainage boundary is referred to as watershed delineation. Finding the area and extent of a drainage basin is an important step in many areas of science and engineering.
Isotope hydrology – the study of the isotopic signatures of water; Surface hydrology – the study of hydrologic processes that operate at or near the Earth's surface; Catchment hydrology – study of the governing processes in a given hydrologically defined catchment
Rain falling over a drainage basin in Scotland.Understanding the cycling of water into, through, and out of catchments is a key element of hydrology. Hydrology (from Ancient Greek ὕδωρ (húdōr) 'water' and -λογία () 'study of') is the scientific study of the movement, distribution, and management of water on Earth and other planets, including the water cycle, water resources, and ...
A hydrological code or hydrologic unit code is a sequence of numbers or letters (a geocode) that identify a hydrological unit or feature, such as a river, river reach, lake, or area like a drainage basin (also called watershed in North America) or catchment.
When the response factor A can be determined from the characteristics of the watershed (catchment area), the reservoir can be used as a deterministic model or analytical model, see hydrological modelling. Otherwise, the factor A can be determined from a data record of rainfall and runoff using the method explained below under non-linear reservoir.
The quantity represents the average length of channel per unit area of catchment and has units [] [], which is often reduced to []. Drainage density depends upon both climate and physical characteristics of the drainage basin.