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In linguistics, an affix is a morpheme that is attached to a word stem to form a new word or word form. The main two categories are derivational and inflectional affixes. . Derivational affixes, such as un-, -ation, anti-, pre-etc., introduce a semantic change to the word they are atta
Systematic names use numerical prefixes derived from Greek, with one principal exception, nona-. They occur as prefixes to units of measure in the SI system. See SI prefix. They occur as prefixes to units of computer data. See binary prefixes. They occur in words in the same languages as the original number word, and their respective derivatives.
Applied in this way, affixes increase compactness of grammars, but do not add expressive power. Another approach is to allow affixes to take arbitrary strings as values and allow concatenations of affixes to be used in rules. The ranges of allowable values for affixes can be described with context-free grammar rules.
Unlike derivational suffixes, English derivational prefixes typically do not change the lexical category of the base (and are so called class-maintaining prefixes). Thus, the word do, consisting of a single morpheme, is a verb, as is the word redo, which consists of the prefix re-and the base root do.
Derivational suffixes fall into two categories: class-changing derivation and class-maintaining derivation. Particularly in the study of Semitic languages, suffixes are called affirmatives, as they can alter the form of the words. In Indo-European studies, a distinction is made between suffixes and endings (see Proto-Indo-European root).
Numerical prefixes for multiplication of compound or complex (as in complicated) features are created by adding kis to the basic numerical prefix, with the exception of numbers 2 and 3, which are bis- and tris-, respectively.