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Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (/ ˌ æ n dʒ i ə ˈ s p ər m iː /). [5] [6] The term 'angiosperm' is derived from the Greek words ἀγγεῖον / angeion ('container, vessel') and σπέρμα / sperma ('seed'), meaning that the seeds are enclosed within a fruit.
The fossil history of flowering plants records the development of flowers and other distinctive structures of the angiosperms, now the dominant group of plants on land.The history is controversial as flowering plants appear in great diversity in the Cretaceous, with scanty and debatable records before that, creating a puzzle for evolutionary biologists that Charles Darwin named an "abominable ...
Flower of Liriodendron tulipifera, a Mesangiosperm. Mesangiospermae is a clade that contains the majority of flowering plants (angiosperms). Mesangiosperms are therefore known as the core angiosperms, in contrast to the three orders of earlier-diverging species known as the basal angiosperms: Nymphaeales (including water lilies), Austrobaileyales (including star anise), and Amborellales.
Flowers are modified leaves possessed only by the angiosperms, which are relatively late to appear in the fossil record. The group originated and diversified during the Early Cretaceous and became ecologically significant thereafter. [110] Flower-like structures first appear in the fossil records some ~130 mya, in the Cretaceous. [111]
It then became just as much the age of savannas, or the age of co-dependent flowering plants and insects. At 35 Ma, grasses evolved from among the angiosperms. About ten thousand years ago, humans in the Fertile Crescent of the Middle East develop agriculture.
[1] [15] [16] [17] In addition, the Nymphaeaceae are more genetically diverse and geographically dispersed than other basal angiosperms. [18] [19] Nymphaeaceae is placed in the order Nymphaeales, which is the second diverging group of angiosperms after Amborella in the most widely accepted flowering plant classification system, APG IV system ...
Lily of the valley (Convallaria majalis / ˌ k ɒ n v ə ˈ l ɛər i ə m ə ˈ dʒ eɪ l ɪ s /), [2] sometimes written lily-of-the-valley, [3] is a woodland flowering plant with sweetly scented, pendent, bell-shaped white flowers borne in sprays in spring.
A flower, also known as a bloom or blossom, [1] is the reproductive structure found in flowering plants (plants of the division Angiospermae).Flowers consist of a combination of vegetative organs – sepals that enclose and protect the developing flower.