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It marked the beginning of a new, more Afrocentric era in African studies, marked by the founding of the Cahiers d'Études africaines and the Journal of African History. [34] [35] The Year of Africa was a major boost for African Americans, themselves engaged in the Civil Rights Movement within the United States. [36]
In 2020, Zambia faced sovereign default as the first sub-Saharan African country since 2005 due to economic mismanagement by the government of Edgar Lungu, who had grown public debt from 32% to 120% and scared off investment by seizing mines. [187] Debt servicing takes up four times more money from the budget than healthcare. [188]
The Egyptian parliamentary elections of 2010 first voting round was held in Egypt on November 28, 2010 [103] [104] [105] and the second round was held on December 5, 2010. [106] [107] Human rights groups said this was the "most fraudulent poll ever" in Egypt's history. [108]
Many countries followed in the 1950s and 1960s, with a peak in 1960 with the Year of Africa, which saw 17 African nations declare independence, including a large part of French West Africa. Most of the remaining countries gained independence throughout the 1960s, although some colonizers (Portugal in particular) were reluctant to relinquish ...
This is a list of conflicts in Africa arranged by country, both on the continent and associated islands, including wars between African nations, civil wars, and wars involving non-African nations that took place within Africa. It encompasses pre-colonial wars, colonial wars, wars of independence, secessionist and separatist conflicts, major ...
1920s: The Spanish Flu. In the fall of 1918, a mutated version of the virus that claimed its first victims in the spring made its way around the world, causing the death rate to escalate quickly ...
The decolonization of Africa started with Libya in 1951, although Liberia, South Africa, Egypt and Ethiopia were already independent. Many countries followed in the 1950s and 1960s, with a peak in 1960 with the Year of Africa, which saw 17 African nations declare independence, including a large part of French West Africa. Most of the remaining ...
South African Year-book. London: George Routledge and Sons. pp. 10–27. Standard Encyclopaedia of Southern Africa, DJ Potgieter, Cape Town: NASOU, 1970; Five Hundred years: a history of South Africa, CFJ Muller, 3rd rev., Pretoria Academica, 1981; Reader's Digest Illustrated Guide to Southern Africa 5th Edition ISBN 0-947008-17-9, 1985