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A simple fraction (also known as a common fraction or vulgar fraction, where vulgar is Latin for "common") is a rational number written as a/b or , where a and b are both integers. [9] As with other fractions, the denominator (b) cannot be zero. Examples include 1 / 2 , − 8 / 5 , −8 / 5 , and 8 / −5
Fraction – A number that is not whole, often shown as a division equation Decimal fraction – Representation of a fraction in the form of a number; Proper fraction – Fraction with a numerator that is less than the denominator; Improper fraction – Fractions with a numerator that is any number; Ratio – Showing how much one number can go ...
This is a common procedure in mathematics, used to reduce fractions or calculate a value for a given variable in a fraction. If we have an equation =, where x is a variable we are interested in solving for, we can use cross-multiplication to determine that =.
[132] [f] Sectors and slide rules are more refined calculating instruments that rely on geometric relationships between different scales to perform both basic and advanced arithmetic operations. [134] [g] Printed tables were particularly relevant as an aid to look up the results of operations like logarithm and trigonometric functions. [136]
This reflects the undecidability of the equality of two real numbers, defined by formulas involving the integers, the basic arithmetic operations, the logarithm and the exponential function. In other words, there cannot exist any algorithm for deciding such an equality (see Richardson's theorem).
In academic literature, when inline fractions are combined with implied multiplication without explicit parentheses, the multiplication is conventionally interpreted as having higher precedence than division, so that e.g. 1 / 2n is interpreted to mean 1 / (2 · n) rather than (1 / 2) · n.