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In Japan, a traditional reed mat is the tatami (畳). Tatami are covered with a weft-faced weave of soft rush ( 藺草 , igusa ) ( common rush ), on a warp of hemp or weaker cotton. There are four warps per weft shed , two at each end (or sometimes two per shed, one at each end, to cut costs).
The size of a washitsu is measured by the number of tatami mats, using the counter word jō (畳), which, depending on the area, are between 1.5 m 2 and 1.8 m 2. (See tatami.) Typical room sizes are six or eight tatami mats in a private home. There are also half-sized mats, as in a 4.5-tatami room.
In Japan, the size of a room is usually measured in relation to the size of tatami mats (-畳, -jō), about 1.653 m 2 (17.79 sq ft) for a standard Nagoya-size tatami. Alternatively, in terms of traditional Japanese area units , room area (and especially house floor area) is measured in terms of tsubo , where one tsubo is the area of two tatami ...
Futons are traditionally laid on tatami rush mats, [7] which are resilient and can absorb and re-release up to half a liter of moisture each. [9] Tatamis measure 1 by 0.5 ken, just under 1 by 2 meters, [10] the same size as a Western twin bed. A traditional shikibuton is also about the size of a Western twin bed.
Tatami (畳具足), or tatami gusoku (from 畳む tatamu, "to fold", and gusoku, "full suit of armour"), [1] was a type of lightweight portable folding Japanese armour worn during the feudal era of Japan by the samurai class and their foot soldiers .
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Tatami dimensions were regionally standardized, and the other elements of the room became proportioned to the mats; [94] standardization of building components reduced waste and the need for custom fabrication, and thus cost (standard lumber, for instance, came in exactly the dimensions needed by the carpenter).
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