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The Alfa Romeo Twin Spark engine, introduced in the 1987 Alfa Romeo 75, also uses variable valve timing. [3] [4] The Alfa system varies the phase (not the duration) of the cam timing and operates on the inlet camshaft. [5] Alfa Romeo's variator is a cylindrical chamber that contains a pressure chamber and piston along with helical splines.
Alfa Romeo was the first manufacturer to use a variable valve timing system in production cars (US Patent 4,231,330). [10] The fuel injected models of the 1980 Alfa Romeo Spider 2000 had a mechanical VVT system. The system was engineered by Ing Giampaolo Garcea in the 1970s. [11] All Alfa Romeo Spider models from 1983 onward used electronic VVT ...
These modifications include: "TwinPhaser" variable valve timing (cam-phasing on both inlet and exhaust cams, thus the name), gasoline direct injection and a higher compression ratio of 11.25:1. It also operates with a lean burn system up to about 1500 rpm, [ 4 ] as on many other engines from the company and is capable of generating 191 kW (260 ...
The system allows optimum timing of intake valve operation. MultiAir technology can increase power (up to 10%) and torque (up to 15%), as well as reduce consumption levels (up to 10%) and emissions of CO 2 (up to 10%), particulates (up to 40%) and NOx (up to 60%) [ 3 ] [ 7 ] when compared to a traditional petrol engine.
For the 2009 model year, Alfa Romeo introduced a turbocharged petrol engine variant badge as "TBi", this 1,742 cc unit has direct injection and variable valve timing in both inlet and exhaust cams. This new engine is rated at 200 PS (147 kW; 197 hp) and 320 N⋅m (236 lbf⋅ft) of torque.
Since the 156's introduction, various four cylinder engine configurations were available and included the Alfa Romeo Twin Spark engine (1.6 L - 120 PS (88 kW), 1.8 L - 144 PS (106 kW) and 2.0 L - 155 PS (114 kW)) 16 valve models with variable valve timing, along with the straight-4 1.9-litre 8-valve 105 PS (77 kW).