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Topical clotrimazole is usually not effective in the treatment of fungal infections of the scalp or nails. [citation needed] When using over-the-counter drug clotrimazole products, use should be discontinued if the condition does not improve after treatment for 2 weeks for jock itch or after 4 weeks for athlete's foot or ringworm. [9]
The side effects of oral treatment are significant and people without an infection should not take these drugs. [36] Azoles are the group of antifungals which act on the cell membrane of fungi. They inhibit the enzyme 14-alpha-sterol demethylase, a microsomal CYP, which is required for the biosynthesis of ergosterol for the cytoplasmic membrane.
Candidiasis is a fungal infection due to any species of the genus Candida (a yeast). [4] When it affects the mouth, in some countries it is commonly called thrush. [3] Signs and symptoms include white patches on the tongue or other areas of the mouth and throat. [3]
It may also be used to prevent candidiasis in those who are at high risk. [1] Nystatin may be used by mouth, in the vagina, or applied to the skin. [1] Common side effects when applied to the skin include burning, itching, and a rash. [1] Common side effects when taken by mouth include vomiting and diarrhea. [1]
Common side effects include vomiting, diarrhea, rash, and increased liver enzymes. [5] Serious side effects may include liver problems, QT prolongation, and seizures. [5] During pregnancy it may increase the risk of miscarriage while large doses may cause birth defects. [6] [5] Fluconazole is in the azole antifungal family of medication. [5]
The side effects of ketoconazole are sometimes harnessed in the treatment of non-fungal conditions. While ketoconazole blocks the synthesis of the sterol ergosterol in fungi, in humans, at high dosages (>800 mg/day), it potently inhibits the activity of several enzymes necessary for the conversion of cholesterol to steroid hormones such as ...
Treatment: Athlete’s foot can be treated with over-the-counter antifungal creams. If twice daily use after 2 to 4 weeks is not helping, Dr. Zeichner suggests that you visit your dermatologist ...
Common side effects include itchiness or irritation of the area in which it was applied. [2] Use in pregnancy is believed to be safe for the baby. [4] Miconazole is in the imidazole family of medications. [2] It works by decreasing the ability of fungi to make ergosterol, an important part of their cell membrane. [2]