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Determination of how much urine is in the bladder, for example to assess for urinary retention. To look for evidence and the cause of chronic kidney disease, for example shrunken kidneys. [1] To assist with an interventional procedure, such as the taking of a biopsy, or draining of an abscess or cyst. [1] To monitor a kidney transplant. [1]
Treatment is with antibiotics and drainage of the abscess; typically guided by ultrasound or CT, through the skin, via the rectum, or transvaginal routes. [3] Occasionally antibiotics may be used without surgery; if the abscess is at a very stage and small. [2] Until sensitivities are received, a broad spectrum antibiotic is generally required. [2]
A bladder ultrasound may be conducted to view how much urine is within the bladder, indicating urinary retention. A urinary tract ultrasound , conducted by a more trained operator, may be conducted to view whether there are stones, tumours or sites of obstruction within the bladder and urinary tract.
The cystocele, also known as a prolapsed bladder, is a medical condition in which a woman's bladder bulges into her vagina. [ 1 ] [ 5 ] Some may have no symptoms. [ 6 ] Others may have trouble starting urination, urinary incontinence , or frequent urination . [ 1 ]
Urinary bladder disease includes urinary bladder inflammation such as cystitis, bladder rupture and bladder obstruction (tamponade).Cystitis is common, sometimes referred to as urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by bacteria, bladder rupture occurs when the bladder is overfilled and not emptied while bladder tamponade is a result of blood clot formation near the bladder outlet.
In the top-right image, the cystoscope has been bent within the bladder to look back on itself. The bottom two images show an inflamed urethra. If a patient has a stone lodged higher in the urinary tract, the physician may use a much finer calibre scope called a ureteroscope through the bladder and up into the ureter. (The ureter is the tube ...
Ultrasound findings that indicate pyelonephritis are enlargement of the kidney, edema in the renal sinus or parenchyma, bleeding, loss of corticomedullary differentiation, abscess formation, or an areas of poor blood flow on doppler ultrasound. [21] However, ultrasound findings are seen in only 20–24% of people with pyelonephritis. [21]
Uroflowmetry: Free uroflowmetry measures how fast the patient can empty his/her bladder. Pressure uroflowmetry again measures the rate of voiding, but with simultaneous assessment of bladder and rectal pressures. It helps demonstrate the reasons for difficulty in voiding, for example bladder muscle weakness or obstruction of the bladder outflow.