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Egyptian astronomy started in prehistoric times, in the Predynastic Period. In the 5th millennium BCE, the stone circles at Nabta Playa may have made use of astronomical alignments. By the time the historical Dynastic Period began in the 3rd millennium BCE, the 365 day period of the Egyptian calendar was already in use, and the observation of ...
830 CE. The first major Arabic work of astronomy is the Zij al-Sindh by Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi. The work contains tables for the movements of the Sun, the Moon, and the five planets known at the time. The work is significant as it introduced Ptolemaic concepts into Islamic sciences. This work also marks the turning point in Arabic ...
687 BCE – Chinese make earliest known record of meteor shower. [ 8 ] 7th century BCE – Egyptian astronomers alleged to have predicted a solar eclipse. [citation needed] 613 BCE – A comet, possibly Comet Halley, is recorded in Spring and Autumn Annals by the Chinese.
The ancient Egyptian calendar – a civil calendar – was a solar calendar with a 365-day year. The year consisted of three seasons of 120 days each, plus an intercalary month of five epagomenal days treated as outside of the year proper. Each season was divided into four months of 30 days. These twelve months were initially numbered within ...
Physical cosmology. This timeline of cosmological theories and discoveries is a chronological record of the development of humanity's understanding of the cosmos over the last two-plus millennia. Modern cosmological ideas follow the development of the scientific discipline of physical cosmology.
Book of Nut. The Book of Nut (original title: The Fundamentals of the Course of the Stars) is a collection of ancient Egyptian astronomical texts, also covering various mythological subjects. These texts focus on the cycles of the stars of the decans, the movements of the moon, the sun, and the planets, on the sundials, and related matters.
The majority of Egyptologists agree on the outline and many details of the chronology of Ancient Egypt. This scholarly consensus is known as the Conventional Egyptian chronology, which places the beginning of the Old Kingdom in the 27th century BC, the beginning of the Middle Kingdom in the 21st century BC and the beginning of the New Kingdom ...
History of sundials. Appearance. World's oldest known sundial, from Egypt's Valley of the Kings (c. 1500 BC), used to measure work hours. [ 1 ][ 2 ][ 3 ] A sundial is a device that indicates time by using a light spot or shadow cast by the position of the Sun on a reference scale. [ 4 ] As the Earth turns on its polar axis, the sun appears to ...