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Scotland (Scots: Scotland; Scottish Gaelic: Alba) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It contains nearly one-third of the United Kingdom's land area, consisting of the northern part of the island of Great Britain and more than 790 adjacent islands, principally in the archipelagos of the Hebrides and the Northern Isles.
Scotland has eight cities. Edinburgh is the capital city and Glasgow is the most populous. Scottish towns were granted burghs or royal burgh status by Scottish kings, including by David I of Scotland and William the Lion. City status has later been granted by royal charter and letters patent. Scotland has gained new cities since the year 2000 ...
International English Language Testing System (IELTS / ˈ aɪ. ɛ l t s /) [6] is an international standardized test of English language proficiency for non-native English language speakers. It is jointly managed by the British Council, IDP and Cambridge English, [6] and was established in 1989. IELTS is one of the major English-language tests ...
English, in various dialects, is the most widely spoken language of the United Kingdom, [13] but a number of regional and migrant languages are also spoken. Regional languages are Scots and Ulster Scots and the Celtic languages, Irish, Scottish Gaelic, Welsh and, as a revived language with few speakers, Cornish.
The languages of Scotland belong predominantly to the Germanic and Celtic language families. The main language now spoken in Scotland is English, while Scots and Scottish Gaelic are minority languages. The dialect of English spoken in Scotland is referred to as Scottish English.
In the 2011 Scottish census, a question on Scots language ability was featured [8] In 2022 a question regarding the Scots language was also featured. [62] [63] The Scottish government set its first Scots Language Policy in 2015, in which it pledged to support its preservation and encourage respect, recognition and use of Scots. [8]
In Scotland, "locality" refers to a populated area composed of contiguous postcodes with populations of at least 500. [a] [2] The 52 localities with a population over 15,000 are listed below. [1] Glasgow is the most populous locality in Scotland, and also the largest city; Greater Glasgow is the largest settlement.
Lower level subdivisions. Scotland is divided into 871 civil parishes which often resemble same-named but legally different ecclesiastical parishes. Although they have had no administrative function since 1930, they still exist and are still used for statistical purposes such as the census.