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  2. Phenomenon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenomenon

    The combustion of a match is an observable occurrence, or event, and therefore a phenomenon. A phenomenon (pl.: phenomena), sometimes spelled phaenomenon, is an observable event. [1] The term came into its modern philosophical usage through Immanuel Kant, who contrasted it with the noumenon, which cannot be directly observed.

  3. List of natural phenomena - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_natural_phenomena

    An aurora is a natural phenomenon. A natural phenomenon is an observable event which is not man-made. Examples include: sunrise , weather , fog , thunder , tornadoes ; biological processes , decomposition , germination ; physical processes , wave propagation , erosion ; tidal flow , and natural disasters such as electromagnetic pulses ...

  4. Epiphenomenon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epiphenomenon

    Secondary phenomenon that occurs alongside or in parallel to a primary phenomenon An epiphenomenon (plural: epiphenomena) is a secondary phenomenon that occurs alongside or in parallel to a primary phenomenon. The word has two senses: one that connotes known causation and one that connotes absence of causation or reservation of judgment about it. Examples Metaphysics In the philosophy of ...

  5. Apophenia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apophenia

    Apophenia (/ æ p oʊ ˈ f iː n i ə /) is the tendency to perceive meaningful connections between unrelated things. [1]The term (German: Apophänie from the Greek verb ἀποφαίνειν (apophaínein)) was coined by psychiatrist Klaus Conrad in his 1958 publication on the beginning stages of schizophrenia.

  6. Black swan theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_swan_theory

    A black swan (Cygnus atratus) in AustraliaThe black swan theory or theory of black swan events is a metaphor that describes an event that comes as a surprise, has a major effect, and is often inappropriately rationalized after the fact with the benefit of hindsight.

  7. Pleonasm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleonasm

    Linguists usually call this redundancy to avoid confusion with syntactic pleonasm, a more important phenomenon for theoretical linguistics. It usually takes one of two forms: Overlap or prolixity. Overlap: One word's semantic component is subsumed by the other: "Receive a free gift with every purchase."; a gift is usually already free.

  8. Glossary of geology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_geology

    Also called Indianite. A mineral from the lime-rich end of the plagioclase group of minerals. Anorthites are usually silicates of calcium and aluminium occurring in some basic igneous rocks, typically those produced by the contact metamorphism of impure calcareous sediments. anticline An arched fold in which the layers usually dip away from the fold axis. Contrast syncline. aphanic Having the ...

  9. Endonym and exonym - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endonym_and_exonym

    An endonym /'endənɪm/ (also known as autonym /ˈɔːtənɪm/) is a common, native name for a group of people, individual person, geographical place, language, or dialect, meaning that it is used inside a particular group or linguistic community to identify or designate themselves, their place of origin, or their language.