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Ion Antonescu (/ ˌ æ n t ə ˈ n ɛ s k uː /; Romanian: [i'on antoˈnesku] ⓘ; 14 June [O.S. 2 June] 1882 – 1 June 1946) was a Romanian military officer and marshal who presided over two successive wartime dictatorships as Prime Minister and Conducător during most of World War II.
Antonescu and Adolf Hitler at the Führerbau in Munich (June 1941).. In the immediate wake of the loss of Northern Transylvania, on 4 September 1940, the Iron Guard (led by Horia Sima) and General (later Marshal) Ion Antonescu united to form the "National Legionary State", which forced the abdication of Carol II in favor of his 19-year-old son Michael.
Until this date, Soviet troops started moving into Romania, taking approximately 140,000 Romanian prisoners of war. [9] About 130,000 Romanian POWs were transported to the Soviet Union, where many perished in prison camps. [7] The armistice was signed on the same date, 12 September 1944, on Allied terms.
World War II; 1941 – retired; 1944 – recalled; 1945 – retired, second time; Coordinated a "National Resistance Movement" in opposition to the communist regime; Died in detention at Aiud Prison; Paul Alexiu (1893–1963) Major General [4] Served during: World War II; 1950 – retired; Barbu Alinescu (1890–1952) Brigadier General [5 ...
This is a list consisting of all the heads of state of modern and contemporary Romania, from the establishment of the United Principalities in 1859 to the present day.. The incumbent head of state, as of 29 January 2025, is President Klaus Iohannis, a former longtime leader of the Democratic Forum of Germans in Romania (FDGR/DFDR) for 12 years between 2001 and 2013 and, briefly, of the ...
Romanian members of the Iron Guard, arrested by the Army after the pogrom and anti-government rebellion Romanian and German soldiers standing in front of several R35 tanks During the days of the rebellion, Antonescu avoided direct confrontation with the Legionnaires but brought military units, including 100 tanks , into Bucharest from other cities.
The Holocaust in Romania was the genocide of Jews in the Kingdom of Romania and in Romanian controlled territories of the Soviet Union between 1940 and 1944. While historically part of the The Holocaust, these actions were mostly independent from the similar acts committed by Nazi Germany, Romania being the only ally of the Third Reich that carried out a genocidal campaign without the ...
A new period of Romanian history began on the day of the Union of Transylvania with Romania (Great Union Day, Marea Unire). [5] This period would come to an end with international treaties, in the years leading to World War II, which ceded parts of Romania to its neighbors.