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In human pregnancy, prenatal development is also called antenatal development. The development of the human embryo follows fertilization , and continues as fetal development . By the end of the tenth week of gestational age , the embryo has acquired its basic form and is referred to as a fetus .
The parts of the fetal brain that control movement will not fully form until late in the second trimester, and the first part of the third trimester. [7] Control of movement is limited at birth, and purposeful voluntary movements develop during the long period up until puberty. [ 8 ]
However, research has shown that the forward gait alone remains unchanged during pregnancy. It has been found that gait parameters such as gait kinematics, (velocity, stride length, and cadence) remain unchanged during the third trimester of pregnancy and 1 year after delivery. These parameters suggest that there is no change in forward movement.
At 20 weeks, the fetus is able to implement feedback mechanisms for the production of thyroid hormones. During fetal development, T 4 is the major thyroid hormone being produced while triiodothyronine (T 3) and its inactive derivative, reverse T 3, are not detected until the third trimester. [2]
Nine-week-old human embryo from an ectopic pregnancy. Organogenesis is the development of the organs that begins during the third to eighth week, and continues until birth. Sometimes full development, as in the lungs, continues after birth. Different organs take part in the development of the many organ systems of the body.
It is during the third trimester that maternal activity and sleep positions may affect fetal development due to restricted blood flow. For instance, the enlarged uterus may impede blood flow by compressing the vena cava when lying flat, a condition that can be relieved by lying on the left side. [59]
Human pregnancy can be divided into three trimesters, each approximately three months long: the first, second, and third trimester. The first trimester is from the last menstrual period through the 13th week, the second trimester is 14th–28/29th week, and the third trimester is 29/30th–42nd week. [6]
Final embryonic stage, after this development is described as "fetal" through the entire second and third trimester. Mesoderm: ossification continues Head: eyelids, external ears, rounded head Body: straightening of trunk, intestines herniated at umbilicus Limbs: hands and feet turned inward