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Squamata (/ s k w æ ˈ m eɪ t ə /, Latin squamatus, 'scaly, having scales') is the largest order of reptiles, comprising lizards and snakes.With over 12,162 species, [3] it is also the second-largest order of extant (living) vertebrates, after the perciform fish.
Living lepidosaurs, which include snakes, lizards, and rhynchocephalians, occupy a wide range of environments and niches. [2] The lepidosaurs have many similar anatomical morphology like transverse cloaca, distal tongue, superficial teeth attachment, fused pelvic bones etc. [ 3 ] Though widely viewed as obligate carnivores, a small number of ...
Lepidosauromorpha (in PhyloCode known as Pan-Lepidosauria [2] [3]) is a group of reptiles comprising all diapsids closer to lizards than to archosaurs (which include crocodiles and birds). The only living sub-group is the Lepidosauria , which contains two subdivisions, Squamata , which contains lizards and snakes , and Rhynchocephalia , the ...
Most lizard species and some snake species are insectivores. The remaining snake species, tuataras, and amphisbaenians, are carnivores. While some snake species are generalist, others eat a narrow range of prey - for example, Salvadora only eat lizards. [33] The remaining lizards are omnivores and can consume plants or insects. The broad ...
This is in contrast to many other rattlesnake species that prey on lizards almost exclusively as juveniles, switching to mammals as adults. With C. enyo , small snakes eat lizards more often than do large ones, and large snakes eat mammals more often than do small ones.
They also eat birds as well as bird eggs and nestlings. They suffocate their prey by constriction, though harmless smaller mouthfuls may be eaten alive without constriction, or simply crushed on eating by jaws. Juveniles mainly eat lizards and arthropods, later small rodents. Other snakes and lizards are taken, but only found rarely in adult prey.
The family Shinisauridae contains one living species, the Chinese crocodile lizard (Shinisaurus crocodilurus). This species is semiaquatic, found in forests along streams. These lizards can hold their breath underwater for up to thirty minutes at a time. Found in southern China, this species is viviparous, with litters ranging from 2-7 individuals.
Juvenile Iberian green woodpecker eating ants. Myrmecophagy is found in several land-dwelling vertebrate taxa, including reptiles and amphibians (horned lizards and blind snakes, narrow-mouthed toads of the family Microhylidae and poison frogs of the Dendrobatidae), a number of New World bird species (Antbirds, Antthrushes, Antpittas, flicker of genus Colaptes), and multiple mammalian groups ...