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Jewish cemetery in Holešov, Moravia. Two Jews were killed in a pogrom in the town. After World War I and during the formation of Czechoslovakia, a wave of anti-Jewish rioting and violence was unleashed against Jews and their property, especially stores. [1] [2]
The Jewish population of Bohemia and Moravia (117,551 according to the 1930 census) was virtually annihilated. Many Jews emigrated after 1939; approximately 78,000 were killed. By 1945, some 14,000 Jews remained alive in the Czech lands. [5] Approximately 144,000 Jews were sent to Theresienstadt concentration camp. Most inmates were Czech Jews.
The first anti-Jewish laws in Czechoslovakia were imposed following the 1938 Munich Agreement and the German occupation of the Sudetenland. In March 1939, Germany invaded and partially annexed the rest of the Czech lands as the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. More anti-Jewish measures followed, imposed mainly by the Protectorate ...
The Holocaust in Czechoslovakia (6 C, 5 P) Pages in category "Antisemitism in Czechoslovakia" ... Anti-Jewish violence in Central and Eastern Europe, 1944–1946;
Anti-Jewish laws were passed in 1940 and 1941, depriving Jews of their property via Aryanization and redistributing it to Slovaks viewed by the regime as more deserving. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] The Slovak State organized the deportation of 58,000 of its own Jewish citizens to German-occupied Poland in 1942, which was carried out by the paramilitary Hlinka ...
During World War II, Czechoslovakia was divided into four different regions, each administered by a different authority: Sudetenland (Germany), Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, the Slovak State, and Carpathian Ruthenia and southern Slovakia (Hungary). As a result, the Holocaust unfolded differently in each of these areas:
Nevertheless, there had been anti-Jewish rioting during the birth of the Czechoslovak Republic in 1918 and 1920. [21] Following a steep decline in religious observance in the 19th century, most Bohemian Jews were ambivalent to religion, [ 22 ] although this was less true in Moravia. [ 23 ]
The Jewish Code excluded Jews from public life, restricting the hours that they were allowed to travel and shop, and barring them from clubs, organizations, and public events. [95] [116] Jews also had to pay a 20-percent tax on all property. [114] Government propaganda boasted that the Jewish Code was the strictest set of anti-Jewish laws in ...