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Although the name "polylactic acid" is widely used, it does not comply with IUPAC standard nomenclature, which is "poly(lactic acid)". [8] The name "polylactic acid" is potentially ambiguous or confusing, because PLA is not a polyacid ( polyelectrolyte ), but rather a polyester.
Depending on the ratio of lactide to glycolide used for the polymerization, different forms of PLGA can be obtained: these are usually identified in regard to the molar ratio of the monomers used (e.g. PLGA 75:25 identifies a copolymer whose composition is 75% lactic acid and 25% glycolic acid).
The commercial quality polymer is made from the carbon found in simple plant sugars such as corn starch to create a proprietary polylactic acid polymer (PLA) which is marketed under the brand name Ingeo. [1] Headquartered in Plymouth, Minnesota, NatureWorks is jointly owned by Cargill and PTT Global Chemical, a Thai state-owned company.
The degradation product, glycolic acid, is nontoxic, but like ethylene glycol, it is metabolized to oxalic acid, which could make it dangerous. A part of the glycolic acid is also excreted by urine. [9] Studies undergone using polyglycolide-made sutures have shown that the material loses half of its strength after two weeks and 100% after four ...
Nevertheless most of the producers are evaluating or developing bio-based succinic acid for the synthesis of these polyesters. In 2016, Showa Denko announced termination of the production and sale of Bionolle, citing delay in permeation of environmental regulations on plastic shopping bags and a fall in market prices of biodegradable plastics. [15]
Ethyl lactate, also known as lactic acid ethyl ester, is the organic compound with the formula CH 3 CH(OH)CO 2 CH 2 CH 3. It is the ethyl ester of lactic acid. A colorless liquid, it is a chiral ester. Being naturally derived, it is readily available as a single enantiomer. It is commonly used as a solvent. [4]