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The TMC joint is a synovial joint between the trapezium bone of the wrist and the metacarpal bone at the base of the thumb. This joint is a so-called saddle joint (articulatio sellaris), unlike the CMC joints of the other four fingers which are ellipsoid joints. [17] This means that the surfaces of the TMC joint are both concave and convex.
Any movement of the thumb and wrist causes the patient pain, inflammation and swelling. The presence of anomalous or variant muscles in the fourth compartment may result in chronic dorsal wrist pain, a condition known as the fourth compartment syndrome. [4] Intersection syndrome can be caused by direct trauma to the second extensor compartment.
Examination may identify limited passive wrist motion, pain at the extremes of wrist motion, tenderness at the radioscaphoid joint, and dorsal radial prominence. [2] Activities that use forceful wrist extension such as rising from a chair or push-ups may be painful.
Symptoms are pain and tenderness at the radial side of the wrist, fullness or thickening over the thumb side of the wrist, painful radial abduction of the thumb, and difficulty gripping with the affected side of the hand. [2] Pain is made worse by movement of the thumb and wrist, and may radiate to the thumb or the forearm. [2]
Osteoarthritis commonly affects three main sites in the hand: the base of the thumb, where the thumb and wrist converge, known as the carpometacarpal (CMC) joint; the joint closest to the fingertip, referring to the distal interphalangeal joint (DIP); the middle joint of a finger, referring to the proximal interphalangeal joint (PIP). [5]
Osteoarthritis is most common at the base of thumb and is usually treated with pain pills, splinting or steroid injections. [2] Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common disorder of the hand. This disorder results from compression of the median nerve in the wrist.
Symptoms of Bennett fracture are instability of the CMC joint of the thumb, accompanied by pain and weakness of the pinch grasp. Characteristic signs include pain, swelling, and ecchymosis around the base of the thumb and thenar eminence, and especially over the CMC joint of the thumb. Physical examination demonstrates instability of the CMC ...
The physical exam may show tenderness by palpation over the scapholunate ligament on the back of the wrist, immediately below the radius. [1] [4] Swelling and deformities are the two clinical signs associated with arthritis. The wrist is clinically tested by slight flexion while the physician feels the back of the wrist with the thumb. [4]