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Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the transplantation of multipotent hematopoietic stem cells, usually derived from bone marrow, peripheral blood, or umbilical cord blood. [16] [17] [13] It may be autologous (the patient's own stem cells are used), allogeneic (the stem cells come from a donor) or syngeneic (from an identical twin).
Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the transplantation of multipotent haematopoietic stem cells, usually derived from bone marrow, peripheral blood, or umbilical cord blood. [10] [11] [12] It may be autologous (the patient's own stem cells are used), allogeneic (the stem cells come from a donor) or syngeneic (from an identical ...
The cancer stem cell model, also known as the Hierarchical Model proposes that tumors are hierarchically organized (CSCs lying at the apex [6] (Fig. 3).) Within the cancer population of the tumors there are cancer stem cells (CSC) that are tumorigenic cells and are biologically distinct from other subpopulations [7] They have two defining features: their long-term ability to self-renew and ...
Diagram showing the development of different blood cells from haematopoietic stem cell to mature cells. Haematopoiesis (/ h ɪ ˌ m æ t ə p ɔɪ ˈ iː s ɪ s, ˌ h iː m ə t oʊ-, ˌ h ɛ m ə-/; [1] [2] from Ancient Greek αἷμα (haîma) 'blood' and ποιεῖν (poieîn) 'to make'; also hematopoiesis in American English, sometimes h(a)emopoiesis) is the formation of blood cellular ...
The patient's own stored stem cells are then transfused into his/her bloodstream, where they replace destroyed tissue and resume the patient's normal blood-cell production. [2] Autologous transplants have the advantage of lower risk of infection during the immune-compromised portion of the treatment, since the recovery of immune function is rapid.
Many human blood cells, such as red blood cells (RBCs), immune cells, and even platelets all originate from the same progenitor cell, the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC). [1] As these cells are short-lived, there needs to be a steady turnover of new blood cells and the maintenance of an HSC pool. This is broadly termed hematopoiesis. [2]
A large proportion of the population who exhibit clonal hematopoiesis have no identifiable mutations in known candidate driver genes. [4] [8] One possible explanation is that among a naturally-occurring spectrum of inheritable epigenetic states, there are those which augment the self-renewal or proliferation of a stem cell and its progeny. [8]
When a cell undergoes asymmetric division, it produces one stem and one differentiated cell. Production of new stem cells is necessary to maintain this population within the body. [7] Like all cells, hematopoietic stem cells undergo metabolic shifts to meet their bioenergetic needs throughout development. [1]