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The Safavid Shāh Ismā'īl I established the Twelver denomination of Shīʿa Islam as the official religion of the Persian Empire, marking one of the most important turning points in the history of Islam. [5] The Safavid dynasty had its origin in the Safavid order of Sufism, which was established in the city of Ardabil in the Iranian ...
This traced the Safavid family's lineage back to the eighth Shia Imam Ali ibn Musa al-Rida, who is buried in the Imam Reza shrine, the most revered location in Safavid Iran. The status of the Safavid family was enhanced due to their connections with Ali and Muhammad's family, as recognized by sources up to the 20th-century. [22]
One of the first actions performed by Shāh Ismā'īl I of the Safavid dynasty was the proclamation of the Twelver denomination of Shīʿa Islam as the official religion of his newly-founded Persian Empire, causing sectarian tensions in the Middle East when he destroyed the tombs of the Abbasid caliphs, the Sunnī Imam Abū Ḥanīfa al ...
The battle between the young Ismā'īl and Shah Farrukh Yassar of Shirvan. Ismail I was born to Martha and Shaykh Haydar on July 17, 1487, in Ardabil.His father, Haydar, was the sheikh of the Safavid tariqa (Sufi order) and a direct descendant of its Kurdish founder, [16] [17] [18] Safi-ad-din Ardabili (1252–1334).
The Naqsh-e Jahan Square (Shah Square) was built in the early 16th century when Isfahan was the capital of the Safavid empire, and it was one of the first sites in Iran to be inscribed on the World Heritage list, in 1979, [2] [3] and the Jameh Mosque of Isfahan was designated a World Cultural Heritage site in 2012. [4]
In 1501 the Safavid dynasty took control of Iran and made Shia Islam the state religion, with this being one of the most important events in Islamic history. [ 66 ] Today of the 98% of Muslims living in Iran, around 89% are Shi'a and only around 9% are Sunni .
Junayd's grandson, Ismail, further altered the nature of the order when he founded the Safavid empire in 1501 and proclaimed Twelver Shi'ism as the state religion, at which point he imported Twelver Shia Ulama largely from Lebanon and Syria to transform the order into a Twelver Shi'i dynasty. [5] [6] [7] [8]
Safavid Iran was multi-ethnic and multi-religious. In the 17th century, Christians within the empire consisted primarily of three groups; [1] Georgians belonging to the Georgian Orthodox Church; Armenians belonging to the Armenian Apostolic Church; Roman Catholics, consisting of European missionaries and recent converts (primarily Armenians)