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The Safavid Shāh Ismā'īl I established the Twelver denomination of Shīʿa Islam as the official religion of the Persian Empire, marking one of the most important turning points in the history of Islam. [5] The Safavid dynasty had its origin in the Safavid order of Sufism, which was established in the city of Ardabil in the Iranian ...
The battle between the young Ismā'īl and Shah Farrukh Yassar of Shirvan. Ismail I was born to Martha and Shaykh Haydar on July 17, 1487, in Ardabil.His father, Haydar, was the sheikh of the Safavid tariqa (Sufi order) and a direct descendant of its Kurdish founder, [16] [17] [18] Safi-ad-din Ardabili (1252–1334).
The end of the reign of Abbas II, 1666, thus marked the beginning of the end of the Safavid dynasty. Despite falling revenues and military threats, later shahs had lavish lifestyles. Soltan Hoseyn (1694–1722) in particular was known for his love of wine and disinterest in governance. [157] Map of the Safavid Empire, published 1736.
Herat, Safavid Iran (modern-day Afghanistan) 1 October 1588 – 19 January 1629 19 January 1629 (aged 57) Ashraf, Iran He came to the throne with the help of qezelbash rulers. Early peace with the Ottoman Empire and buying time to reorganize the government and the army. Moved the capital of the Safavid dynasty from Qazvin to Isfahan. Attack on ...
This traced the Safavid family's lineage back to the eighth Shia Imam Ali ibn Musa al-Rida, who is buried in the Imam Reza shrine, the most revered location in Safavid Iran. The status of the Safavid family was enhanced due to their connections with Ali and Muhammad's family, as recognized by sources up to the 20th-century. [22]
After that Muslim dynasties rose; some of these dynasties established notable and prominent Muslim empires, such as the Umayyad Empire and later the Abbasid Empire, [1] [2] Ottoman Empire centered around Anatolia, the Safavid Empire of Persia, and the Mughal Empire in India. [citation needed]
Junayd's grandson, Ismail, further altered the nature of the order when he founded the Safavid empire in 1501 and proclaimed Twelver Shi'ism as the state religion, at which point he imported Twelver Shia Ulama largely from Lebanon and Syria to transform the order into a Twelver Shi'i dynasty. [5] [6] [7] [8]
Over the following 170 years, the Safaviyya Order gained political and military power, finally culminating in the foundation of the Safavid dynasty which established control over parts of Greater Iran and reasserted the Iranian identity of the region, [16] [a] thus becoming the first native dynasty since the Sasanian Empire to establish a ...