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The human cerebellum is located at the base of the brain, with the large mass of the cerebrum above it, and the portion of the brainstem called the pons in front of it. It is separated from the overlying cerebrum by a layer of tough dura mater called the cerebellar tentorium; all of its connections with other parts of the brain travel through the pons.
A standard test of cerebellar function is to reach with the tip of the finger for a target at arm's length: A healthy person will move the fingertip in a rapid straight trajectory, whereas a person with cerebellar damage will reach slowly and erratically, with many mid-course corrections. Deficits in non-motor functions are more difficult to ...
The cerebellar vermis (from Latin vermis, "worm") is located in the medial, cortico-nuclear zone of the cerebellum, which is in the posterior fossa of the cranium. The primary fissure in the vermis curves ventrolaterally to the superior surface of the cerebellum , dividing it into anterior and posterior lobes .
He wrote Cerebri Anatome (Latin: Anatomy of the brain) [c] in 1664, followed by Cerebral Pathology in 1667. In these he described the structure of the cerebellum, the ventricles, the cerebral hemispheres, the brainstem, and the cranial nerves, studied its blood supply; and proposed functions associated with different areas of the brain. [233]
Medulla oblongata. Medullary pyramids; Arcuate nucleus; Olivary body. Inferior olivary nucleus; Rostral ventrolateral medulla; Caudal ventrolateral medulla
The cerebellum consists of three parts, a median and two lateral, which are continuous with each other, and are substantially the same in structure. The median portion is constricted, and is called the vermis, from its annulated appearance which it owes to the transverse ridges and furrows upon it; the lateral expanded portions are named the hemispheres.
The lobe in turn projects efferents back to the vestibular nuclei which in turn give rise or project to: the lateral vestibulospinal tracts which maintain posture and balance by regulating tone of the axial and proximal limb extensor mucles (i.e. the antigravity muscles); the medial vestibulospinal tracts which regulate the tone of neck muscles ...
To the cerebellum. Signals sent to the cerebellum are relayed back as muscle movements of the head, eyes, and posture. To nuclei of cranial nerves III, IV, and VI. Signals sent to these nerves cause the vestibular-ocular reflex. They allow the eyes to fix on a moving object while staying in focus. To the reticular formation. Signals sent to the ...