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Homo (from Latin homō 'human') is a genus of great ape (family Hominidae) that emerged from the genus Australopithecus and encompasses only a single extant species, Homo sapiens (modern humans), along with a number of extinct species (collectively called archaic humans) classified as either ancestral or closely related to modern humans; these include Homo erectus and Homo neanderthalensis.
Humans (Homo sapiens, meaning 'thinking man' or 'wise man') or modern humans (sometimes Homo sapiens sapiens) are the most common and widespread species of primate, and the last surviving species of the genus Homo and the broader australopithecine subtribe. They are great apes characterized by their hairlessness, bipedalism, and high intelligence.
The Latin noun homō (genitive hominis) means "human being". The systematic name Hominidae for the family of the great apes was introduced by John Edward Gray (1825). [8] Gray also supplied Hominini as the name of the tribe including both chimpanzees (genus Pan) and humans (genus Homo).
The Indo-European languages have a number of inherited terms for mankind. The etymon of man is found in the Germanic languages, and is cognate with Manu, the name of the human progenitor in Hindu mythology, and found in Indic terms for man (including manuṣya, manush, and manava).
Adopting the term for humans in general to refer to men is a common development of Romance and Germanic languages, but is not found in most other European languages (Slavic čelověkъ vs. mǫžь, Greek ἄνθρωπος vs. άνδρας, Finnish ihminen vs. mies etc.).
Human, any member of the genus Homo (since c. 2.5 million years) . Human taxonomy, the classification of the species Homo sapiens; Archaic humans, since c. 200,000 years; Homo sapiens idaltu (c. 160,000 years ago), the name given to a number of around 160,000-year-old hominid fossils found in 1997 in Herto Bouri, Ethiopia
Humanitas (from the Latin hūmānus, "human") is a Latin noun meaning human nature, civilization, and kindness. It has uses in the Enlightenment , which are discussed below. Classical origins of term
The classifiers used here are 位 (pinyin wèi), used (among other things) with nouns for humans; 棵 kē, used with nouns for trees; 只/隻 (zhī), used with nouns for certain animals, including birds; and 条/條 (tiáo), used with nouns for certain long flexible objects.