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Lymphocyte homing occurs in four steps leading to extravasation into target tissue; Rolling, activation, activation-dependent “arrest”, and diapedesis. [5] Mediated by lymphocyte receptors and vascular ligand interactions, “tethering” is a reversible linkage that leads to either rolling along the vessel wall or transient immediate arrest.
Neutrophils extravasate from blood vessels to the site of tissue injury or infection during the innate immune response.. In immunology, leukocyte extravasation (also commonly known as leukocyte adhesion cascade or diapedesis – the passage of cells through the intact vessel wall) is the movement of leukocytes (white blood cells) out of the circulatory system (extravasation) and towards the ...
Codocytes, also known as target cells, are red blood cells that have the appearance of a shooting target with a bullseye. In optical microscopy these cells appear to have a dark center (a central, hemoglobinized area) surrounded by a white ring (an area of relative pallor), followed by dark outer (peripheral) second ring containing a band of ...
L-selectin, also known as CD62L, is a cell adhesion molecule found on the cell surface of leukocytes, and the blastocyst.It is coded for in the human by the SELL gene. L-selectin belongs to the selectin family of proteins, which recognize sialylated carbohydrate groups containing a Sialyl LewisX (sLeX) determinant. [5]
Another cell-specific ligand is the RGD motif which binds to the integrin αvβ3. [10] This integrin is upregulated in tumor and activated endothelial cells. [11] Conjugation of RGD to chemotherapeutic-loaded nanoparticles has been shown to increase cancer cell uptake in vitro and therapeutic efficacy in vivo. [10]
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