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Juniper berries are sometimes regarded as arils, [3] like the berry-like cones of yews. Juniperus communis berries vary from 4 millimetres (1 ⁄ 8 inch) to 12 millimetres (1 ⁄ 2 inch) in diameter; other species are mostly similar in size, though some are larger, notably J. drupacea (20–28 mm or 3 ⁄ 4 – 1 + 1 ⁄ 8 in).
Juniperus communis, the common juniper, is a species of small tree or shrub in the cypress family Cupressaceae. An evergreen conifer , it has the largest geographical range of any woody plant , with a circumpolar distribution throughout the cool temperate Northern Hemisphere .
Cones and leaves of Juniperus communis Junipers vary in size and shape from tall trees , 20–40 metres (66–131 feet) tall, to columnar or low-spreading shrubs with long, trailing branches. They are evergreen with needle-like and/or scale-like leaves .
Cupressaceae is a widely distributed conifer family, with a near-global range in all continents except for Antarctica, stretching from 70°N in arctic Norway (Juniperus communis) [3] to 55°S in southernmost Chile (Pilgerodendron uviferum), further south than any other conifer species. [4] Juniperus indica reaches 4930 m altitude in Tibet. [5]
Juniper cones (aka juniper berries) from Juniperus communis are also important in the production of gin, along with being used to flavor foods, sauces, and preserve food. [17] Phompsis juniperovora, in wet years, is capable of killing off all seedlings. [16]
Juniperus: junipers; Juniperus ashei: Ashe's juniper Cupressaceae (cypress family) 61 Juniperus chinensis: Chinese juniper Cupressaceae (cypress family) Juniperus communis: common juniper Cupressaceae (cypress family) Juniperus drupacea: Syrian juniper Cupressaceae (cypress family) Juniperus excelsa: Greek juniper Cupressaceae (cypress family)